oa Kuwait City
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Chapter
- Authors: Prof. Spiro N. Pollalis and Nader Ardalan
- Source: Gulf Sustainable Urbanism – Past, Volume II , pp 174-255
- Publication Date: December 2018
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5339/GSU.9789927118968_3
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Kuwait City
Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press) , 174 (2018); https://doi.org/10.5339/GSU.9789927118968_3
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Kuwait City 2010
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Area: 200 km2
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Population: 2,380,000
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Density: 11,900/km2
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Kuwait City 2010
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Area: 200 km2
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Population: 2,380,000
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Density: 11,900/km2
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Kuwait City 1950
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Area: 9.4 km2
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Population: 120,000 approx
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Density: 12,766/km2
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Kuwait City 1950
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Area: 9.4 km2
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Population: 120,000 approx
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Density: 12,766/km2
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FIGURE 9.1
Historical map of Kuwait
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FIGURE 9.1
Historical map of Kuwait
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FIGURE 9.2
Economic and political timeline of Kuwait
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FIGURE 9.2
Economic and political timeline of Kuwait
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FIGURE 9.3
Temperature and humidity variation
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FIGURE 9.3
Temperature and humidity variation
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FIGURE 9.4
Outdoor dry bulb temperature for Kuwait
Each column represents one day, each cell represents one hour
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FIGURE 9.4
Outdoor dry bulb temperature for Kuwait
Each column represents one day, each cell represents one hour
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FIGURE 9.5
Annual temperature profile
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FIGURE 9.5
Annual temperature profile
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FIGURE 9.6
Annual heat index
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FIGURE 9.6
Annual heat index
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FIGURE 9.7
Wind variations
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FIGURE 9.7
Wind variations
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IMAGE 9.1
Aerial view of old Kuwait City
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IMAGE 9.1
Aerial view of old Kuwait City
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FIGURE 9.8
Timeline of Kuwait
The past-to-present transitionary period for Kuwait City is identified as the years from 1945 to 1955. Major infrastructure projects and demolitions of entire city quarters were undertaken during this period. In 1946, Kuwait exported its first oil barrel, established its first cargo line, and saw a primary surplus in the state budget. In 1949, the first official modern hospital opened to the public, and in 1950 the first desalinization plant was built. In 1952, the first city master plan was prepared by the British firm, Monoprio and MacFarlane, and was followed, in subsequent years, by the demolition of the majority of the old town.
The transitionary period for Kuwait City is one of the clearest to define, primarily due to the concentrated demolitions of the historic fabric that happened during the early 1950s and 1960s. However, certain irregularities exist also for this case, with oil discovery and oil exploration having almost ten years in-between them, a probable derivative of World War II. Moreover, civil and social infrastructure was already being built from 1910, with the first clinic established in 1913 and the first men’s hospital in 1914. Kuwait’s first public library was founded in 1921, the first airport was built in 1927, and electricity was introduced in 1934.
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FIGURE 9.8
Timeline of Kuwait
The past-to-present transitionary period for Kuwait City is identified as the years from 1945 to 1955. Major infrastructure projects and demolitions of entire city quarters were undertaken during this period. In 1946, Kuwait exported its first oil barrel, established its first cargo line, and saw a primary surplus in the state budget. In 1949, the first official modern hospital opened to the public, and in 1950 the first desalinization plant was built. In 1952, the first city master plan was prepared by the British firm, Monoprio and MacFarlane, and was followed, in subsequent years, by the demolition of the majority of the old town.
The transitionary period for Kuwait City is one of the clearest to define, primarily due to the concentrated demolitions of the historic fabric that happened during the early 1950s and 1960s. However, certain irregularities exist also for this case, with oil discovery and oil exploration having almost ten years in-between them, a probable derivative of World War II. Moreover, civil and social infrastructure was already being built from 1910, with the first clinic established in 1913 and the first men’s hospital in 1914. Kuwait’s first public library was founded in 1921, the first airport was built in 1927, and electricity was introduced in 1934.
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FIGURE 9.9
Pre-oil shipping industry
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FIGURE 9.9
Pre-oil shipping industry
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FIGURE 9.10
Regional and subregional imports and exports
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FIGURE 9.10
Regional and subregional imports and exports
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FIGURE 9.11
Land morphology and topography
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FIGURE 9.11
Land morphology and topography
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FIGURE 9.12
Prominent landscape features
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FIGURE 9.12
Prominent landscape features
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FIGURE 9.13
Landform and urban infrastructure, 1960
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FIGURE 9.13
Landform and urban infrastructure, 1960
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FIGURE 9.14
Urban settlements and geomorphology, 1965
Wells
Production water wells
Roads
Urban area
Gravel lag
Deflated rugges sand sheets
Fall dunes
Desert floor deposits calcretive debris
Smooth sand sheets
Active sand sheets
Barchan sand dunes
Desert floor deposits siliciala stic granule lag
Coastal plain deposits
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FIGURE 9.14
Urban settlements and geomorphology, 1965
Wells
Production water wells
Roads
Urban area
Gravel lag
Deflated rugges sand sheets
Fall dunes
Desert floor deposits calcretive debris
Smooth sand sheets
Active sand sheets
Barchan sand dunes
Desert floor deposits siliciala stic granule lag
Coastal plain deposits
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FIGURE 9.15
Water depth of Kuwait Bay
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FIGURE 9.15
Water depth of Kuwait Bay
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FIGURE 9.16
The pearling industry, 1940s
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FIGURE 9.16
The pearling industry, 1940s
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FIGURE 9.17
Hydrology and freshwater supply
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FIGURE 9.17
Hydrology and freshwater supply
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FIGURE 9.18
Growing freshwater demand
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FIGURE 9.18
Growing freshwater demand
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FIGURE 9.19
Kuwait, 1956
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FIGURE 9.19
Kuwait, 1956
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FIGURE 9.20
Evolution of the urban form
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FIGURE 9.20
Evolution of the urban form
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FIGURE 9.21
City evolution index
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FIGURE 9.21
City evolution index
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FIGURE 9.22
Area growth versus population growth
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FIGURE 9.22
Area growth versus population growth
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FIGURE 9.23
Seafront versus city perimeter
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FIGURE 9.23
Seafront versus city perimeter
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FIGURE 9.24
Urban growth, 1756–1962
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FIGURE 9.24
Urban growth, 1756–1962
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FIGURE 9.25
Evolution of the coastline
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FIGURE 9.25
Evolution of the coastline
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FIGURE 9.26
Accessibilities, road network, and domestic distances
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FIGURE 9.26
Accessibilities, road network, and domestic distances
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FIGURE 9.27
Urban landscape of Kuwait
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FIGURE 9.27
Urban landscape of Kuwait
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FIGURE 9.28
Views of Kuwait before the discovery of oil
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FIGURE 9.28
Views of Kuwait before the discovery of oil
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FIGURE 9.29
Land use and accessibility
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FIGURE 9.29
Land use and accessibility
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FIGURE 9.30
Land use and accessibility
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FIGURE 9.30
Land use and accessibility
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FIGURE 9.31
Neighbourhood classification
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FIGURE 9.31
Neighbourhood classification
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FIGURE 9.32
Neighbourhood analysis
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FIGURE 9.32
Neighbourhood analysis
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FIGURE 9.33
Urban components
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FIGURE 9.33
Urban components
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FIGURE 9.34
Kuwait waterfront, 1952
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FIGURE 9.34
Kuwait waterfront, 1952
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FIGURE 9.35
Souq analysis
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FIGURE 9.35
Souq analysis
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FIGURE 9.36
Kuwait souqs, 1952
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FIGURE 9.36
Kuwait souqs, 1952
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IMAGE 9.2
An oblique 1940s view of the old Sharq district showing the curving path created by the second city wall
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IMAGE 9.2
An oblique 1940s view of the old Sharq district showing the curving path created by the second city wall
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FIGURE 9.37
Kuwait City districts
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FIGURE 9.37
Kuwait City districts
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FIGURE 9.38
Al-Bader Farij
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FIGURE 9.38
Al-Bader Farij
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FIGURE 9.39
Neighbourhood analysis
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FIGURE 9.39
Neighbourhood analysis
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FIGURE 9.40
Neighbourhood analysis
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FIGURE 9.40
Neighbourhood analysis
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FIGURE 9.41
Neighbourhood analysis
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FIGURE 9.41
Neighbourhood analysis
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FIGURE 9.42
Views of Kuwait: walking through the city
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FIGURE 9.42
Views of Kuwait: walking through the city
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FIGURE 9.43
Shading analysis of Al-Bader
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FIGURE 9.43
Shading analysis of Al-Bader
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FIGURE 9.44
3D representation of shading in Al-Bader
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FIGURE 9.44
3D representation of shading in Al-Bader
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FIGURE 9.45
Aerial view of shading in section of Al-Bader and adjacent districts
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FIGURE 9.45
Aerial view of shading in section of Al-Bader and adjacent districts
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FIGURE 9.46
Annual radiation in Al-Bader
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FIGURE 9.46
Annual radiation in Al-Bader
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IMAGE 9.3
Old Kuwait City
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IMAGE 9.3
Old Kuwait City
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FIGURE 9.47
Location of analyzed units
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FIGURE 9.47
Location of analyzed units
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FIGURE 9.48
Plan and elevations
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FIGURE 9.48
Plan and elevations
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FIGURE 9.49
Plan and elevations
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FIGURE 9.49
Plan and elevations
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.50
FIGURE 9.50
Plans
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FIGURE 9.50
Plans
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Untitled
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FIGURE 9.51
Plan and elevations
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9789927118968/b-9789927118968_009-fig51.gif
FIGURE 9.51
Plan and elevations
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.52
FIGURE 9.52
Plan and elevation
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FIGURE 9.52
Plan and elevation
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.53
FIGURE 9.53
Plan and elevation
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FIGURE 9.53
Plan and elevation
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-img9.4
IMAGE 9.4
Views of Jahra Red Fort
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IMAGE 9.4
Views of Jahra Red Fort
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.54
FIGURE 9.54
Plan and elevations
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9789927118968/b-9789927118968_009-fig54.gif
FIGURE 9.54
Plan and elevations
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.55
FIGURE 9.55
Configuration analysis
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FIGURE 9.55
Configuration analysis
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.56
FIGURE 9.56
Configuration analysis
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FIGURE 9.56
Configuration analysis
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-unfig9
Untitled
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/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.57
FIGURE 9.57
Visibility graphs
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FIGURE 9.57
Visibility graphs
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.58
FIGURE 9.58
Justified Permeability Graphs
9789927118968/b-9789927118968_009-fig58_thmb.gif
9789927118968/b-9789927118968_009-fig58.gif
FIGURE 9.58
Justified Permeability Graphs
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.58a
Untitled
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/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-unfig10
Untitled
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/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.59
FIGURE 9.59
Shading analysis
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FIGURE 9.59
Shading analysis
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Untitled
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Untitled
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/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-unfig13
Untitled
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/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.60
FIGURE 9.60
Shading profile
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FIGURE 9.60
Shading profile
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.61
FIGURE 9.61
Daylighting analysis
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FIGURE 9.61
Daylighting analysis
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.62
FIGURE 9.62
Illuminance: Al-Sadu House
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FIGURE 9.62
Illuminance: Al-Sadu House
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FIGURE 9.63
Thermal analysis of the unit
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FIGURE 9.63
Thermal analysis of the unit
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FIGURE 9.64
Thermal analysis
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9789927118968/b-9789927118968_009-fig64.gif
FIGURE 9.64
Thermal analysis
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.64a
Untitled
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/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.65
FIGURE 9.65
Exposure of the unit
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9789927118968/b-9789927118968_009-fig65.gif
FIGURE 9.65
Exposure of the unit
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.66
FIGURE 9.66
Floor area ratios
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9789927118968/b-9789927118968_009-fig66.gif
FIGURE 9.66
Floor area ratios
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-unfig14
Untitled
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/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.67
FIGURE 9.67
Plot subdivision process
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9789927118968/b-9789927118968_009-fig67.gif
FIGURE 9.67
Plot subdivision process
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.68
FIGURE 9.68
Old Kuwait urban morphology
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9789927118968/b-9789927118968_009-fig68.gif
FIGURE 9.68
Old Kuwait urban morphology
/content/figure/9789927118968.b_9789927118968-ch09.b-9789927118968_009-fig9.69
FIGURE 9.69
Projected urban model
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9789927118968/b-9789927118968_009-fig69.gif
FIGURE 9.69
Projected urban model
-
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