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- Volume 2015, Issue 1
Global Cardiology Science and Practice - Volume 2015, Issue 1
Volume 2015, Issue 1
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The Dallas Heart Study using the probability sample technique for ethnicity and cardiovascular health differences
More LessThe decrease in cardiovascular death rates in the United States has been slower in blacks than whites, especially in patients < 65 years of age. The Dallas Heart Study was designed as a single-site, multiethnic, population-based probability sample to produce unbiased comparison of cardiovascular health among multiple ethnicities.
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Inhaled nano- and microparticles for drug delivery
Authors: Ibrahim M. El-Sherbiny, Nancy M. El-Baz and Magdi H. YacoubThe 21st century has seen a paradigm shift to inhaled therapy, for both systemic and local drug delivery, due to the lung's favourable properties of a large surface area and high permeability. Pulmonary drug delivery possesses many advantages, including non-invasive route of administration, low metabolic activity, control environment for systemic absorption and avoids first bypass metabolism. However, because the lung is one of the Read More
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Left ventricular diastolic function and dysfunction: Central role of echocardiography
More LessComprehensive and precise assessment of left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function is necessary to establish, or exclude, heart failure as a cause or component of dyspnea. Echocardiography with Doppler readily assesses LV diastolic function; advantages include that echocardiography is non-invasive, does not require radiation, is portable, rapid, readily available, and in competent hands, can provide an accurate and compreh Read More
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Dronedarone-digoxin interaction in PALLAS: A foxglove connection?
Authors: Mohamed ElMaghawry and Mahmoud FaroukIn the Permanent Atrial Fibrillation Outcome Study Using Dronedarone on Top of Standard Therapy (PALLAS) study, dronedarone use was associated with an excess risk of stroke, cardiovascular death and hospitalizations. However, an increased level in the serum digoxin level was observed in the dronedarone arm, as it is a potent inhibitor of the P-glycoprotein transport system. The PALLAS subanalysis suggests that digoxin-dronedaron Read More
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STABILITY and SOLID-TIMI 52: Lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) as a biomarker or risk factor for cardiovascular diseases
More LessLipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) - an enzyme with several pro-inflammatory properties - has been hypothesized to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability. Lp-PLA2 activity has been demonstrated to be an independent predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD) and ischemic stroke. However, it has been recently reported that carriers of loss of function variants in PLA2G7 gene (encodin Read More
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INHERIT (INHibition of the renin angiotensin system in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the Effect on hypertrophy—a Randomised Intervention Trial with losartan)
Authors: Iacopo Olivotto and Euan A. AshleyEarly pharmacological interventions on transgenic models of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) using angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may be effective in preventing development of clinical phenotype or causing phenotype regression in early stages of disease. In the clinical setting, however, the effects of ARBs on HCM phenotype have been less consistent. INHERIT (INHibition of the renin angiotensin system in hypertrophic cardiomyo Read More
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DECAAF: Emphasizing the importance of MRI in AF ablation
Authors: Mohamed ElMaghawry and Soha RomeihAtrial fibrillation ablation is a complex and challenging procedure. Appropriate patient selection is the most critical step to ensure safe and successful atrial fibrillation ablation procedure. The DECAAF study (Delayed-Enhancement MRI Determinant of Successful Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation) showed that atrial tissue fibrosis, as estimated by delayed enhancement magnetic resonance imaging, was independently a Read More
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Challenges in rheumatic valvular disease: Surgical strategies for mitral valve preservation
More LessIn developing countries, rheumatic fever and carditis still constitutes a major public health problem. Patients have special characteristics that differ from those with rheumatic mitral valve disease we still see in developed countries. They are usually young, poor, uneducated, and have low compliance to prophylaxis / therapy. In addition, they usually have great difficulty in accessing medical care. In these situations, the rate of complications as Read More
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Exploring cardiac biophysical properties
The heart is subject to multiple sources of stress. To maintain its normal function, and successfully overcome these stresses, heart muscle is equipped with fine-tuned regulatory mechanisms. Some of these mechanisms are inherent within the myocardium itself and are known as intrinsic mechanisms. Over a century ago, Otto Frank and Ernest Starling described an intrinsic mechanism by which the heart, even ex vivo, regulates its function Read More
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Repair of very severe tricuspid regurgitation following detachment of the tricuspid valve
Authors: Ahmed Mahgoub, Hassan Kamel, Walid Simry and Hatem HosnyWe report on the case of 5-year-old girl with severe tricuspid regurgitation following previous repair of double outlet right ventricle with subaortic ventricular septal defect, performed through trans-atrial approach using detachment of tricuspid valve leaflet. The severe tricuspid regurgitation was found to be due to dehiscence at the site of the previous detachment and was repaired using a pericardial patch. In this report, we discuss th Read More
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Provocation of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction using nitrate inhalation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Relation to electromechanical delay
Background: Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOT) is an independent predictor of adverse outcome in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). It is of major importance that the provocation modalities used are validated against each other. Aim: To define the magnitude of LVOT gradients provocation during both isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) inhalation and treadmill exercise in non-obstructive HCM and analyze the correlation to th Read More
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Genetic profile of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Tunisia: Is it different?
Authors: Nawel Jaafar, Francesca Girolami, Ihsen Zairi, Sondes Kraiem, Mohamed Hammami and Iacopo OlivottoWe recently performed next generation sequencing (NGS) genetic screening in 11 consecutive and unrelated Tunisian HCM probands seen at Habib Thameur Hospital in Tunis in the first 6 months of 2014, as part of a cooperative study between our Institutions. The clinical diagnosis of HCM was made according to standard criteria. Using the Illumina platform, a panel of 12 genes was analyzed including myosin binding protein C (MYBPC3), b Read More
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