oa Efficacy and safety of once daily liraglutideversus twice daily exenatidein type 2diabetic patients in Qatar: an observational study

Background: Type 2 diabetes prevalence is strongly associated with the increase in obesity prevalence. Many of the current diabetic treatments cause further weight gain. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (liraglutide & exenatide) offer advantages of either keeping weight stable or even reducing weight while achieving good glycemic control. Objectives: To compare the glycemic effect of liraglutide versus exenatide over 26 and 52 weeks in uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients.Methods: A retrospective observation study. Patients with type 2 diabetes who took liraglutide (1.8 mg subcutaneous [SC] once daily) or exenatide (10 mcg SC twice daily) for at least 1 year in addition to their anti-diabetic medications were eligible. For each patient, the following data were collected: HbA1C, fasting plasmaglucose, body weight, blood pressure, lipid profile, hypoglycemia episodes, kidney and liver function. Patient's medical records (both electronic and paper-based records) were used to collect required data. Data analyzed using descriptive & inferential analyses. The study was undertaken by ZJaspart of Masterin clinical pharmacy at Queen's University Belfast Results: 212 patients were included in the study (114 in exenatide group and 98 in liraglutide group). There were no significant differences in all of the patients’ demographics and characteristics between the two groups (table1). Around 73% of included patients were female and half them were aged between 50–59 years. There was in significant difference in mean HbA1C change between both medications at either 26 or 52 weeks (p = 0.23 and 0.40, respectively) (Fig. 1). Patients achieved HbA1C ≤ 7% were significantly higher in the liraglutide group at week 26 (Fig. 2). Liraglutide reduced the mean fasting plasma glucose more than exenatide did at week 26 ( − 1.099 vs. − 0.122 mmol/L; p = 0.15) and week 52 ( − 1.150 vs. − 0.616 mmol/L; p = 0.52). Both medication sex habited weight losses at 26 and 52 weeks; liraglutide − 1.24, − 2.54 vs. exenatide − 1.63, − 3.7 kg, respectively (figure 3). Although both medications were associated with some benefits in term so flipidprofile and blood pressure at a certain point, neither of them were able to show a significant change from baseline. No patients in either groups reported any GI side effects or episodes of hypoglycemia. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in regards of liver and kidney functions except serum creatinine elevation in heliraglutide group at 52 weeks (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Exenatide and liraglutide resulted in similar glycemic effects (HbA1C and FPG changes) in patients with type 2 diabetes who were sub-optimally controlled with other anti-diabetic therapy. Weight reduction effectiveness was confirmed for both medications with noreported side effects or hypoglycemic episodes during the treatment perid. Future large scale prospective studies are needed to confirm these results.