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Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings Volume 2016 Issue 1
- Conference date: 22-23 Mar 2016
- Location: Qatar National Convention Center (QNCC), Doha, Qatar
- Volume number: 2016
- Published: 21 March 2016
161 - 180 of 656 results
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Mid-Infrared Dual Frequency Comb Spectroscopy for Time-Resolved Methane Detection
We performed dual frequency comb spectroscopy for time-resolved methane detection in real time, which is of demanding interest for the natural gas industry, environmental science, atmospheric monitoring and geoscience research. Broadband MIR frequency combs provide high brightness and frequency precision for many spectroscopic applications. To increase the detection sensitivity, a multipass cell or a high finesse cavit Read More
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Electrochemical Analyses of Sodium based Mixed Pyrophosphate Cathodes for Rechargeable Sodium Ion Batteries
Authors: Arsalan Ahmad Raja, Rana Abdul Shakoor and Ramazan KahramanLithium ion batteries (LIB) are widely applied to energy storage systems, like electric vehicles, ships. While limited reserves of lithium and cost of lithium enforced to explore new materials. Hence, Low cost and abundance of sodium has made Sodium ion batteries (SIBs) an attractive alternative for energy storage. Li ion replacement with Na ion will not require change of design in present LIBs, except change of cathod Read More
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An Investigation into Hydrophobic Membrane Fouling in Desalination Using Membrane Distillation Technology
More LessDemand for freshwater supplies is continuously increasing globally to the extent where some parts of the world became highly water stressed. In particular, the Arabian Gulf states rely heavily on seawater desalination for their freshwater supply which is met using commercial seawater desalination technologies like thermal and reverse osmosis (RO) desalination processes. However, these technologies require considera Read More
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Theoretical and Experimental Investigations on Passive Thermal Management of Solar Photovoltaic Systems using PCM-Metallic Cellular Absorbers
Authors: Abdelhakim Mohamed Hassabou, Torsten Klemm, Amir Abdallah and Olaf AndersenEnvironmental conditions such as irradiance, temperature, humidity and dust accumulation have impact on PV performance and reliability. In this paper, we will focus on the effect of temperature and how to mitigate this effect by using passive cooling approach. Qatar is rich with solar irradiance favored for photovoltaic; however, the high temperature (a module temperature of 50°C was measured during summer mon Read More
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Calibration & Temperature Controlled Setup for Air Quality Sensors
Authors: Ali Ijaz, Mohieddine Amor Benammar, Farid Touati and Abdullah KadriIndoor air pollution is a major issue affecting public health. Due to hot climate, humidity and lack of natural green spaces, life is mostly confined indoors in many countries of the MENA region. Vulnerable population, including young children and senior citizens who spend most of their time indoors, are at risk because of the effects of indoor air quality (IAQ) on their health. An indoor air quality monitoring system is a need of Read More
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Novel Graphene-Zinc Iron Oxide Composite to Enhance Ultrafiltration Membrane Performance for Water Treatment and Desalination
The main target of membrane technologies such as the Ultrafiltration (UF), Nanofiltration (NF) and Reverse osmosis (RO) is to produce better filtration and separation of organic and inorganic substance from water as well as for longer life of the membrane. The phase inversion method is a well-known method to fabricate UF, NF and RO membranes for different application. The UF membrane is widely used in separation of Read More
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Determining the Outdoor Air Ventilation with Carbon Dioxide (CO2) as a Tracer Gas
Authors: Ali Ijaz, Mohieddine Amor Benammar, Farid Touati and Abdullah KadriInsufficient ventilation can lead to occupant complaints of discomfort and reduced productivity as human and building generated pollutants build up. Some combinations of these elevated pollutants may have short or long-term detrimental health effects. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is very rarely a pollutant of direct health concern itself. Rather a tracer gas, because building occupants exhale CO2 and is used as a tracer gas that is a Read More
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Enhancing Energy and Water Use Efficiency in District Cooling Plants, An Innovative Approach for Sustainability in Hot Arid Regions
More LessWith around 60–80% of electricity used for air conditioning, and around 99% of potable water production being supplied by desalination plants, sustaining life in Qatar, as well as GCC and hot arid countries around the world, is uniquely energy intensive. As District Cooling Plants (DCPs) have a potential to reduce energy consumption and CO2 emissions, Qatar and GCC are continuously shifting paradigm towards adoption of DC Read More
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Engineering of High Performance Solar Cells for Harsh Desert Environment Applications
Two major environmental factors affect drastically the performance of photovoltaic (PV) panels in the Gulf region, namely the dust accumulation (soiling) and the temperature-induced voltage decrease leading to a power loss. During the last years, intensive R&D activity has been conducted both by the industry and academia to address these major issues. However, recent results obtained in laboratory show that the power lo Read More
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The Impacts of Anthropogenic and Climate Change Forcings on Water Resources Demands and Availability in Jordan in the Near Future
More LessAbstract The present paper evaluates the composite risk of anthropogenic and climate change on the future water status in Jordan during the period 2030–2050. The projected water status in the country is evaluated based on the more likely population growth and climate change scenarios. The most likely figure for the population of Jordan, excluding refugees from neighboring countries, in 2040 would be ∼15 milli Read More
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Bio-Facades; An Innovative Design Solution Towards Sustainable Architecture in Hot Arid Zones
Authors: Fodil Fadli, Payam Bahrami, Irina Susorova, Meysam Tabibzadeh, Sara Zaina and El-Shaimaa El-EkhteyarThe United Nations forecasts that 70% of the World's projected population of nine billion people will be urbanized by the year 2050, a 51% increase from seven billion people urbanized as of 2010. The enormity of this total figure of 2.8 billion people moving into cities over the next 40 years is can be more clearly appreciated when converted into an annual rate of 70 million people per year, or a daily rate of nearly 200,000 people. Read More
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Life Cycle Assessment of Tall Buildings in Qatar, A focus on Construction Materials Use and Techniques
Authors: Fodil Fadli, Tommy Dacanay, Cristopher Moen, James Guest and Payam BahramiBuildings represent one of the most significant sources of negative impacts to the natural ecosystems on which Qatar's inhabitants health and environmental quality depend. The market has identified Qatar as one of the busiest construction areas in the world (Ibrahim 2011), While rapid economic development, population growth, and construction boom are positive indicators of growth, they may also present issues relat Read More
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Development of a Life Cycle Assessment Tool for the Analysis of Food Production Systems within the Energy, Water and Food Nexus
Authors: Tareq Al-Ansari and Anna KorreAs the demand for services and products continues to increase in light of rapid population growth, it is vital to ensure the sustainability of the natural resources. Critical to this growth is the question of energy, water and food security. The systems representing these three resources are intrinsically interdependent where impact on any one of them will have a simultaneous impact in the remaining two. As such, there is a Read More
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Carbon Dioxide Enhanced Oil Recovery and Storage: Experimental Investigation to Maximize Energy Resources while Reducing Carbon Footprint in Qatar
Authors: Ali Al-Menhali and Samuel KrevorQatar is the biggest exporter of liquefied natural gas, LNG, in the world and is a main oil-producing member of The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPEC. A fossil fuel-based industry emerged around the ports of Ras Laffan and Mesaieed, Qatar's industrial cities, perusing industrial diversity and maximising the huge fossil fuel reserves that serve as the primary feedstock for the industrial sector. LNG, crude Read More
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Dynamic Tariff Development for Effective Demand Side Management (DSM) in the Presence of Increased Penetration of Photovoltaics (PV)
I. Introduction The trend towards high penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) in the energy mix and particularly grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems in the low voltage (LV) network, offers the benefits of green decentralized generation, at the cost of the development of energy management tools to alleviate potential problems. More specifically, the fact that for most consumption profiles the PV energy p Read More
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Investigation Into the Effects of Non-Linear Loading of Domestic Power Network on Home Appliances
Authors: Ajad Hossain, Jassim Zaman, Mahmood Saeed, Atif Iqbal and Syed RahmanNon-Linear loads such as Compact Fluorescent lamps (CFLs), Light Emitting diodes (LEDs),Solid state voltage regulators, and variable speed electric drives are increasingly being added tothe domestic, residential and industrial power network. These light sources and other house-hold appliances using power electronic converters are termed as non-linear loads and they introduce distortion in the power network by generating har Read More
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Investigating the Effect of High Pressures and Temperatures on Corrosion Inhibition for Water-Based Muds
Authors: Abdul Salam M. Abd, Abdulrahman Al-Hardan, Alireza Roustazadeh and Mahmood AmaniCorrosion is defined as gradual degradation of metal caused by a chemical or electrochemical reaction with its environment. In oil and gas sector, components can corrode at any stage in the life of a field starting from drilling through to abandonment. Recent estimations showed that corrosion costs the oil industry in US yearly around $170 billion. In general, 50% of the operating expenditures in the drilling sector worldwide are f Read More
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Experimental Investigation of Permeability and Fluid Loss Properties of Water Based Mud Under High Pressure-High Temperature Conditions
Authors: Ahmad Amra, Mahmood Amani, Rommel Yrac, Dawod Hjeij, Ahmed Abdelrauf and Jana MahfouzDrilling in deeper formations and in high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) environments is a new frontier for the oil industry. Fifty years ago, no one would have imagined drilling in more than 10,000 feet of water depth like we do today. However, more issues need to be researched, tested, and studied in order to maintain a good drilling efficiency as deeper depths are drilled. One of these issues is the great effect tha Read More
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Investigating Recycling Practices in Qatar's Hotel Industry – A Study Focusing on Food Waste Measurement and Reduction
More LessThe year of 2015 is set to be a milestone for sustainability as governments are increasingly called upon to adopt the UN Post-2015 Development Agenda. Tourism has the potential to contribute directly and indirectly to the Sustainable Development Goals. Particularly, Tourism is seen to be able to play a key role in adopting and implementing sustainable use and management of natural resources, through environment-friendly pr Read More
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Influence of Sinusoidal Drive Speed Modulation on Rotor with Continuous Stator Contact
Authors: Abdullah Alzibdeh, Mohamed Y. Al-Qaradawi and Balakumar BalachandranTorsional vibrations experienced by drill strings can be detrimental to drilling operations. With a goal of understanding torsional vibrations experienced by drill strings and determining means to attenuate undesired vibrations, the authors have studied the effect of adding a sinusoidal modulation to a constant rotation speed of a drill string. A combination of modeling, analysis, and experiments is used to explore the infl Read More
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