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Qatar Foundation Annual Research Forum Volume 2011 Issue 1
- Conference date: 20-22 Nov 2011
- Location: Qatar National Convention Center (QNCC), Doha, Qatar
- Volume number: 2011
- Published: 20 November 2011
251 - 281 of 281 results
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Evaluation of Acid Stimulation Performance in Oil Wells in Qatar Using Skin Characterization
More LessAbstract Acid stimulation is widely used in carbonate reservoirs to stimulate wells and enhance productivity. Almost every well in Qatar undergoes acid stimulation before production starts. The main purpose is to remove any damage in the near well-bore region from drilling fluids. Successful stimulation jobs result in a skin factor between -4 and -6. During acid injection, the value of injection rate and pressure is recorded. Real- Read More
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The Carbon Conundrum: Challenges and Road Map to Feasible Solutions
More LessAbstract The debate around carbon emission reduction seems to be hinging on capture and storage despite limited information about suitable sites and associated risks. It is unfortunate that alternatives to underground storage have not been discussed and disseminated for public opinion. This presentation aims at demystifying the broader picture on carbon management and the associated issues. Given the current lack of prog Read More
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Toxicity of Chlorine-Produced Oxidants to Arabian Killifish Embryos for Acute Developmental Stages Exposures
More LessAuthors: Suhur Saeed, Nayla Al-Naema and Eric FebboAbstract Background: Fish embryos are excellent models for studies aimed at the understanding of toxic mechanisms and the indication of possible acute and chronic effects. Therefore, we present the use of Arabian killifish (Aphanius dispar) embryos, an indigenous species to the Arabian Gulf, to study the effect of chlorine-produced oxidants to marine organisms in the Qatari coastal area. Objective: The objective of this study is Read More
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Air Quality Management System for Qatar
More LessAbstract Clean air is an essential requirement to protect human health and the ecosystem. Achieving acceptable air quality requires the monitoring of ambient air quality, the setting of standards by the Ministry of Environment (MoE), and the implementation of control technologies. Air quality is a national priority for Qatar. The Qatar Energy and Environment Research Institute (QEERI) and TOTAL Research Center-Qatar, with their Read More
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Flare Reduction Options and Simulation for the Qatari Oil and Gas Industry
More LessAuthors: Majeda Khraisheh, Farid Benyahia and Noora Al GhanimAbstract Flaring and venting are two activities associated with oil and gas production. Qatar is a world leader in the production and exporting of liquid natural gas (LNG). Flaring is a combusting process used to dispose of natural gas (sweet, sour acid gas or otherwise other hydrocarbon vapors) through a vertical stack. Facilities in the oil and gas industry may routinely flare small volumes of natural gas that are technically Read More
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Analysing the Resilience of Qatar National Food Security Program
More LessAbstract A limestone-plateau of 11,400 sq. km, Qatar continues to import approximately 90% of its food. By establishing a position of foreign dependence, Qatar's food security is at risk due to fluctuating prices (as experienced in 2008) and potential disruptions in supply. The total arable land in the GCC is in the order of 1.7%, resulting in an industry that only accounts for 1–4% of total revenue (0.1% in Qatar). As such, Qa Read More
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Green Home: Designing and Fabricating Occupancy Sensors
More LessAuthors: Manir Al-Faisal and Abdullah KayyaliAbstract This project targets the design and fabrication of a door-mounted sensing unit that will detect room occupancy. The unit will communicate with control devices via different protocols enabling the control of lighting and air conditioning (AC) systems. As the world witnesses a global change of attitude towards energy consumption, notions of energy conservation become more prevalent. Consequently, industries concerned w Read More
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Environmental Life Cycle Impact Assessment of Gas-to-Liquid processes: SOx , NOx and CO2 Emissions
More LessAuthors: Majeda Khraisheh, Farid Benyahia, Layal Baninaser, Enas Omar, Ahmad Fard and Yahia ManawiAbstract Compared with conventional diesel refining process, GTL diesel offers significant environmental advantages such as less carbon emissions and improvement of air quality. However, the GTL technology often requires intensive energy and resources input. This paper applies Life cycle assessment (LCA) method to quantify the environmental impacts of gas-to-liquid fuel processes. LCA is a tool for the analysis of environ Read More
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Qatari Truffles
More LessAuthors: Asmaa Yousuf Alqaradawi, Salem Sassi Shamekh and Sara Hani Al-HadidiAbstract Desert Truffles, belonging to the genus Terfezia and Tirmania, are native to Qatar and known locally as “Al-Fag’a or Al-Kamaa”. Desert truffles have a long history of use for food and medicine in Qatar and in the neighboring states too. They are adapted to heat stress and drought conditions. The white color truffles belonging to the genus Tirmania, locally called Zubaidi are more appreciated in Qatar than the dark Read More
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Amidoximes: Promising Candidates for CO2 Capture
More LessAuthors: Cafer Tayyar Yavuz, Mert Atilhan, Erhan Deniz, Sonia Zulfiqa and Ferdi KaradasAbstract Amidoximes are an important class of organic compounds featuring a fused amide and oxime functionality and their use as starting materials for the synthesis of valuable heterocyclics and related intermediates enabled wide applications in novel pharmaceuticals, antitumor agents, antimalarial agents, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) substrates, enhanced textile materials, synthetic polymers, and chelating resins. Read More
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Integrated Pest Management (IPM) as Alternative to Chemical Pesticides with Low Environmental Impact
More LessAbstract During the last four decades, synthetic chemical pesticides have provided many benefits to agriculture and food production, but they posed some hazardous problems to humans, animals and environment. Chemical pesticides leave undesirable residues in food, water and environment where they are not used properly. It is estimated that one million people are affected by chemical pesticides poisoning eve Read More
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Experimental and Environmental Investigation on Natural and Polymer Fiber Reinforced Concrete
More LessAuthors: Nesibe Gozde Ozerkan, Mariam A. Al-Maadeed and Ramazan KahramanAbstract This paper presents the results of an experimental work and life cycle analysis of reinforced mortar samples retrofitted with natural, and virgin and recycled polymers. The objectives of this study were to investigate the behavior of retrofitted concretes experimentally, and to compare the defined fiber reinforced concrete samples from environmental point of view using life cycle analysis. The mixtures of reinforced con Read More
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Effect of Nano-Size Al2O3 and Elemental Ca Addition on the Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of AZ41 Magnesium Alloy
More LessAuthors: Md Ershadul Alam, Rowshan Ara Rima, Abdel Magid Salem Hamouda and Manoj GuptaAbstract Light weight structural materials are in high demand these days due to the limited oil and gas reserves and global inclination to reduce the green house gas (CO2) emission. Magnesium based materials are the lightest engineering materials in the earth. Magnesium alloys that contain aluminium and zinc are known as AZ alloys. These alloys are reasonably priced, easily available, and used in many engineering applicati Read More
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Environmentally Responsible Behavior: A Study of Critical Factors in Qatar
More LessAuthors: Mohd. Nishat Faisal and Sheeba KhanAbstract Due to exponential growth of population and consumption of natural resources at an even faster pace, the impact of human behavior on the natural environment is becoming readily apparent. Resources are becoming less abundant, space is becoming more limited, and pollution of air, water, and land are beginning to have a direct impact on the inhabitants of the planet. This paper presents the findings of the study Read More
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A Novel Approach for Targeting and Optimal Design of Efficient Seawater Reverse Osmosis Desalination Networks
More LessAuthors: Patrick Linke and Sabla Yahya AlnouriAbstract Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination processes are widely used. The optimal design of such systems resembles a network synthesis problem and has been addressed using superstructure optimization approaches. However, to date these approaches suffer from a limited ability to identify structurally distinct design alternatives, despite requiring significant computational times to determine globally optimal Read More
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Advanced Reduction Processes for Hazardous Waste Treatment
More LessAuthors: Sun Hee Yoon, Ahmed Abdel-Wahab and Bill BatchelorAbstract A new class of treatment processes called Advanced Reduction Processes (ARPs) has been developed and employed for destroying persistent organic contaminants in wastewater. ARPs combine reducing reagents with activating methods to produce highly reactive reducing free radicals. These ARPs have the potential to effectively destroy a wide range of oxidized contaminants such as chlorinated organics, perch Read More
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Removal of Natural Organic Matter from Wastewater by Electrocoagulation Using Aluminum Electrodes
More LessAuthors: Nasr Bensalah, Khaled Mansouri and Ahmed Abdel-WahabAbstract Electrocoagulation is a promising alternative to the conventional chemical coagulation in water treatment systems. In electrocoagulation, coagulants are generated in situ by anodic dissolution of sacrificial electrodes, usually aluminum or iron electrodes. Anodic dissolution of the sacrificial anodes leads to the formation of hydrolysis products (hydroxo-metal species) that involve the destabilization of suspended, e Read More
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A Case Study of CO2 Sequestration Potential of a Saline Aquifer in Qatar
More LessAuthors: Hadi Nasrabadi and Tausif AhmedAbstract CO2 is one of the byproducts of natural gas production in Qatar. High rate of natural gas production in Qatar has led to significant amounts of CO2 production. Release of CO2 into the atmosphere may be harmful from the global warming standpoint. Recent increase in CO2 concentration in atmosphere due to burning of fossil fuels and deforestation may be one of the main causes for acceleration in global w Read More
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Predictive Emission Monitoring System
More LessAuthors: Diane Lecoeur, Mohsen M Raja, James Baldwin and Claude SadoisAbstract Qatargas and TOTAL Research Center-Qatar (TRC-Q) have established a joint project to study Predictive Emissions Monitoring Systems (PEMS). PEMS are an emerging software solution designed to partially or fully replace online analyzers such as Continuous Emissions Monitoring Systems (CEMS) by deriving emissions concentrations from process data. The pilot project that is being undertaken based at Qatargas is Read More
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The Combined Impact of Environment Heat Stress and Exercise on Immune Function
More LessBy Wade KnezAbstract Background: The impact of heat stress alone on immune function is complex in nature; however, it appears a core temperature within the range of 37–39±C has little impact on neutrophil, lymphocyte and natural killer cell function. However, during passive heating where core temperature increases outside of this range there is a proliferation in leukocytes and cytokines with the magnitude dependent upon the Read More
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Distinguishing Date Palm Gender Using DNA Based Assays
More LessAuthors: Yasmin Mohamoud, Maryam A Al Mahmoud, Eman K Al Dous, Eman K Al Azwani and Joel A MalekAbstract The date palm is one of the oldest cultivated trees and is critical to the development of arid land. The date palm is a dioecious monocot with separate male and female trees, however only the female trees produce the fruit that is sought after in farming. This presents a challenge in crop development, as it is impossible to distinguish trees until they flower approximately 5–8 years after planting. We have developed tw Read More
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Advanced Treatment Process for Brackish Water Desalination
More LessAuthors: Krishnapuram Karthikeyan, Linchen Han, Ahmed Abdel-Wahab and Marc AndersonAbstract We aim to develop an energy-efficient, low-cost desalination technology for creating new, affordable water sources from brackish waters. Since Qatar has extremely limited rechargeable water sources, technologies facilitating safe use of impaired and unconventional water sources are needed. Capacitive deionization (CDI) technology can meet the unique, logistical and economic needs for inland desalination. CDI techno Read More
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Environmental Research Robots: A Student-Driven Initiative
More LessAuthors: Sarah Anne Inkpen, Kerry Suek and Stephen MonkAbstract The College of the North Atlantic-Qatar (CNA-Q) is a satellite campus of a Canadian comprehensive technical college based in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. CNA-Q is in its tenth year with over 2000 students and 500 faculty members. In 2008, we began Phase I of our research programme. The main objective was to create a student-driven interdisciplinary learning environment. CNA-Q received a g Read More
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Green Home: Sustainable Energy Management and Home Automation
More LessAbstract While much has been made of sustainable living, green architecture and home design, the vast majority of green home technologies and related environmental innovations have been developed and tested in countries that do not possess the harsh climate found in Qatar. Systems and equipment designed and tested in the UK, for example, would not have been exposed to the heat, humidity and dust commonly found h Read More
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Fish Model for Toxicity Screening Studies for Qatar: Killifish Breeding & Developmental Stages
More LessAuthors: Nayla Mohammed Al-Naema, Suhur Saeed and Eric FebboAbstract Background: The use of Arabian killifish embryos is proposed as an alternative to using juvenile or adult fish for environmental risk studies. Fish embryo toxicity (FET) methods can provide many benefits; they are considered animal alternatives, they require relatively small sample size and reduced time to determine toxicity endpoints. Objective: The establishment of a laboratory fish culture to provide embryos and iden Read More
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Plant Diversity in the Diet of the Lizard Uromastyx Aegyptia Microlepis in Qatar: The Effect of Zone, Sampling Date and Faeces Size
More LessAbstract Resource distribution among and within habitats affects the abundance, richness and composition of communities. Yet, the role of resource distribution on species interactions is rarely studied. Generalist predators have the ability to survive extreme conditions by using a variety of foods that allows the population to grow during times of low food availability. Most lizard species are generalist predators, including th Read More
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Produced Water from Oil and Gas Fields: Sampling and Analytical Protocols
More LessAuthors: Nabin Upadhyay, Isik Riza Turkmen, Samir Gharfeh and Samer AdhamAbstract The oil and gas industries are one of the major producers of wastewater streams. Most of this water is disposed either through subsurface reinjection or surface discharge after some treatment. There is a growing interest in the reuse of produced water from oil and gas fields due to limited availability of freshwater resources. However, the poor quality of the produced water is a big challenge for its reuse. The charact Read More
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Evaluation and Application of Membrane Distillation for Seawater Desalination
More LessAuthors: Samer Adham, Altaf Hussain, Joel Minier Matar, Raul Dores, Mary Katebah and Arnold JansonAbstract Thermal desalination process is proven to be robust for large scale installation and meet specific water quality requirement, but it needs high energy cost with serious environmental concerns related to discharge of brine. On the other hand, membrane processes have started gaining market acceptance due to improvement in membrane chemistry, efficient pre-treatment and smaller foot print, but still face many chall Read More
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Bacteriocins from Qatari Bacillus Thuringiensis Crystal Producing Strains
More LessAuthors: Al Zahraa Attar and Samir JaouaAbstract Antimicrobial agents are very useful and have been the subject of intense research. Amongst these compounds, bacteriocins are defined as peptide antibiotics which do not harm the producer strain but have the ability to kill closely related bacteria. Bacillus thuringiensis is a friendly bacterium best known for the production of bioinsecticides, but is also considered as a source of bacteriocins active against the closely r Read More
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Qatari Bacillus T huringiensis Strains: Gene Bank and Molecular Investigation of the Insecticidal d-endotoxins and Coding Genes Towards a Sustainable Qatari and Gulf Environment Free from Chemical Pesticides
More LessAuthors: Duha Mohammad Rabah, Samir Jaoua, Roda Al-Thani and Sara ZakzokAbstract B. thuringiensis is a gram-positive bacterium which produces, during sporulation, crystalline inclusions containing one or more delta-endotoxins. The latter are selectively toxic against a wide variety of insects, including important pests. Formulations based on B. thuringiensis have been used safely in developed countries as bioinsecticides for agriculture, forestry and disease vector control. This kind of bioinsecticide Read More
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Hydrotalcites: High Pressure and High Temperature CO2 Adsorption
More LessAuthors: Mert Atilhan, Aysha Al-Mohannadi, Enas Azhar, Layal BaniNaser, Ashar Diab and Ferdi KaradasAbstract The use of promising solid-state adsorbents is an emerging field in carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) owing to their promising sorption capacity and facile regeneration behaviour. Hydrotalcites, a class of layered double hydroxides (LDHs), are specifically suitable for high capacity CO2 sorption studies at high temperatures since they have a robust structure and their structures could easily be modified. Her Read More
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