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Qatar Foundation Annual Research Forum Volume 2013 Issue 1
- Conference date: 24-25 Nov 2013
- Location: Qatar National Convention Center (QNCC), Doha, Qatar
- Volume number: 2013
- Published: 20 November 2013
101 - 150 of 541 results
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Dynamic analysis for the integrity assessment of knee joint
More LessAbstract: The largest and complicated joint in human body is knee joint. It is a pivotal hinge type joint which permits flexion and extension with a slight medial and lateral rotation as well. As it receives the whole body weight, it is vulnerable to both acute injury and the development of osteoarthritis. Integrity analysis of knee joint involves a detail study of several anatomical parts such as bones, cartilage, tendons etc. M Read More
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Detection of expression of IL-18 and its binding protein in Egyptian pediatric immune thrombocytopenic purpura
By Iman ShaheenImmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder, characterized by dysfunctional cellular immunity including the presence of activated platelet specific autoreactive T cells that recognize and respond to autologous platelet antigens. Autoreactive T cells drive the generation of platelet reactive autoantibodies by B cells as well as T-cytotoxic cell-mediated lysis of platelets. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a mediator of Read More
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Development of a molecular assay For rapid detection of six major enteric pathogens
More Less"Golden" standard laboratory diagnostic tests for enteric pathogens are generally time and labor intensive. Over the last ten years, advances in molecular biology have paved the way for the development of highly specific and sensitive real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection assays. Worldwide adoption of RT-PCR machines have lowered the cost of conducting such assays to where it became the standard diag Read More
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Natural and natural-like phenolic compounds inhibit trichothecene biosynthesis in the durum wheat pathogen Fusarium culmorum
More LessFusarium culmorum is a major fungal pathogen of wheat, causing foot and root rot (FRR) and fusarium head blight (FHB). Yield losses are reported as the grain becomes contaminated by mycotoxins. Among the most bioactive compounds are trichothecenes, sesquiterpene epoxides which are able to inhibit eukaryotic protein synthesis and may cause toxicoses on humans or animals consuming contaminated food or feed. Trich Read More
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Comparing two colorimetric AuNPs-based assays for direct detection of unamplified hepatitis C virus RNA in clinical specimens
More LessBackground. Two different approaches for direct detection of unamplified hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA have been developed using two types of spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs); negatively charged AuNPs [1] and cationic AuNPs [2]. Both assays have demonstrated good clinical performance, cost-effectiveness and short turnaround time compared to routine amplification-based molecular assays. AuNPs-based as Read More
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Mother and infant nutrition assessment (MINA) cohort: A Qatar-Lebanon collaborative study
By Farah NajaBackground: The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region harbors significant proportions of stunting and wasting coupled to surging rates of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Recent evidence identified nutrition during the first 1,000 days of life as a common denominator not only for optimal growth and development but also for curbing the risk of NCDs later in life. Collaboration between Qatar and Lebanon was initiat Read More
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A transnational initiative to the discovery of novel drivers of resistance to anti-cancer drugs
More LessCancers comprise of a complex class of diseases triggered by structural and expression abnormalities of both coding and non-coding genes. The functions,purposes and mutations in many of these molecular targets are yet to be discovered. Apparently the problem has an added level of complexity with the arising issues of resistance to anti-neoplastic drugs and other targeted therapy. An increasing number of cases exhi Read More
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Development of a web-based hybrid registry for acute stroke in Qatar
More LessDevelopment of a Web-based Hybrid Registry for Acute Stroke in Qatar Leopold J. Streletz1,2, Saadat I. Kamran1,2, Mohammad Shahzad1, Reggie Cruze1, Naveed Akhtar1,2, Ahmed Elsotouhy2, Ahmed Khattab3, Damian Jenkinson3, 1Weill Cornell Medical College-Qatar, 2Hamad General Hospital and Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar, 3Bournemouth University, Dorset, United Kingdom. Stroke is a worldwide medic Read More
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Protein-DNA interface: Structural analysis by specific contact mapping
More LessThe interaction between protein and nucleic acid are essential for many cell processes that regulate cell cycles and vital functions. Understanding the determinants of protein / DNA recognition would lead to valuable biological, medical, and biotechnological applications. The practical and theoretical importance of the rules that govern the recognition specificity has generated a deep interest and a number of publications h Read More
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Molecular stratification of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) patients in the State of Qatar according to World Health Organization (WHO) 2008 Criteria
More LessBackground: MPNs are clonal haemopoietic disorders that are characterized by excessive proliferation of one or more of blood lineages. MPNs include PV, ET and PMF which are associated by the presence of JAK2 V617F mutation in about 90% of PV and 50% of ET and PMF. The molecular workup of JAK2 & related gene mutations were included in WHO 2008 as one major criterion for the diagnosis of Ph- MPNs. Aim: To gene Read More
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Epidemiologic implications of air pollutants in Houston, TX
By Hatim SharifThe adverse health effects of high concentrations of ground-level air pollutants are well-known, but estimating exposure is difficult due to the sparseness of urban monitoring networks. This sparseness discourages the reservation of a portion of the monitoring stations for validation of interpolation techniques precisely when the risk of overfitting is greatest. In this study, we test a variety of simple spatial interpolation te Read More
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The Arab psychogenomic repository for bipolar disorders in Doha, Qatar
By Ziad KronfolBipolar Affective Disorders are disorders of mood regulation that affect 1-5% of the population worldwide. The severe mood swings that are the hallmark of this disorder can interfere with the patient's personal life and career and often result in marked distress for the patient and family. While the etiology of the disorder remains somewhat elusive, genetic factors are known to be major contributors. Research in patients o Read More
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At return to play following hamstring injury the majority of professional football players have residual isokinetic deficits
By Johannes TolBackground: There is an on-going debate regarding the optimal criteria for return to sport (RTS) after an acute hamstring injury. Less than 10% isokinetic strength deficit is generally recommended but this has never been documented in professional football players after rehabilitation. Our aim was to evaluate isokinetic measurements in MRI positive hamstring injuries. Methods: Isokinetic measurements of professional footb Read More
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Neurocysticercosis in Qatar with particular emphasis on epilepsy-related neurocysticercosis
More LessOBJECTIVE : Taenia solium neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common parasitic infection of the brain and is a leading cause of epilepsy in the developing world, especially Latin America,India,Africa,and China .It is increasingly being reported in patients suffering from epilepsy . However, its true prevalence and association with adult-onset seizures is largely unknown in the Middle East particularly in Qatar. Our study will demo Read More
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The Qatar cardiovascular biorepository (QCBio): Design and progress to date
More LessBackground: Coronary heart disease (CHD) poses a major health burden in the Gulf countries. Knowledge of novel genetic and proteomic markers of CHD will provide more precise estimates of risk while defining the pathways important in individual patients, revealing new targets for intervention, and ultimately enabling an individualized approach to care. We describe design of a biorepository with linkage to medical r Read More
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Genome and transcriptome profiles of matched ovarian primary and metastasis sites in three patients
More LessMetastasis to the peritoneum and lymph node is associated with poor survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). To better understand EOC metastasis, we carried out exome sequencing, RNA sequencing and copy number variation (CNV) studies on ovary, peritoneum and lymph node tumors from three patients. To analyze single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from exome and RNA sequencing data, we use the Read More
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Exploring professional intervention and support for breastfeeding practices in the primary health care centers in Qatar: A mixed-method study
By Behi NikaiinBackground: Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended as the optimal way to feed infants during the first months of infancy. Despite this fact, a UNICEF report shows that only 12% of mothers in the state of Qatar exclusively breastfed their babies during 6 months after birth. This study is a follow up to a previous qualitative study "Contextual factors influencing breastfeeding practices in Qatar" that was conducted in 2010. O Read More
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Molecular organisation of intercellular adhesion junctions by cryo-electron tomography of vitreous sections
More LessAshraf Al-Amoudi1,2 and Achilleas Frangakis3 1Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), Department of Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175 Bonn, Germany, 2German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175 Bonn, Germany European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany 3Goethe Universität - Institut für Biop Read More
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Proteins role on fretting corrosion of Co-Cr-Mo alloys dedicated to hip implants
More Less250,000 total hip prostheses are implanted each year, in the USA (approximately 160,000 in France). It is worth noting that the locomotion for human is essential for common life. It is the reason why restoring gait by using hip or knee prosthesis if the natural joint fails is related to a huge health issues and scientific interests. This work aims at investigating the fretting corrosion resistance of Co-Cr-Mo alloy (low carbon cont Read More
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Pregnancy outcome in 69 pregnancies of multinational population in Qatar with systemic lupus erythematosus
More LessObjective: To determine the frequencies of abnormal pregnancy outcomes in a cohort of patients in Qatar and to identify clinical and laboratory factors predicting adverse fetal and maternal outcomes with systemic lupus erythematosus in multinational population in Qatar. Study design: Data of 69 pregnancies of 37 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients from January 2005 to July 2012 in hmc analyzed retrospectively. Lu Read More
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The sidra tree: Profiling of proteins and small molecules using high resolution accurate mass protocols
More LessRepresenting the Qatar Foundation (QF) Logo, the Sidra tree (Ziziphus spina-christi -ZSC) is native to Qatar and grows wild in harsh and arid conditions. It serves as a symbol of perseverance, nourishment, solidarity, determination and perfection, encompassing the vision and mission of QF. Previous phytochemical investigation of the ZSC leaves and fruits has revealed a whole host of saponins, flavonoids and antioxidants Read More
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Nurse-led heart health clinic in a rural community
More LessAIMS Asymptomatic cardiac disease is present in a large proportion of individuals with generalised cardiovascular disease (CVD). Rural areas in Australia have a lack of health care services with the facilities to undertake a comprehensive community screening project. This study aimed to assess a nurse-led health screening initiative to determine the prevalence and incidence of asymptomatic heart disease using a custom Read More
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MicroRNA-34a regulates diabetes-induced impaired angiogenesis: Role of SIRT1
More LessBackground: Diabetes, characterized by chronic elevation of blood glucose levels, is associated with impaired angiogenesis, vascular dysfunction and a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Recently, a novel class of small non-coding RNAs (miRNAs, single-stranded RNA molecules comprising 21-23 nucleotides in length) has been identified as important transcriptional/posttranscriptional regulators of gene expressio Read More
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Impact of underlying coronary artery disease on the presentation symptoms and in-hospital outcome of patients with atrial fibrillation
By Amar SalamObjectives: Underlying coronary artery disease (CAD) is an established risk factor for the development of Atrial Fibrillation (AF). How underlying CAD affects symptoms and outcome of patients presenting with AF remains unknown. The aim of the current study was to evaluate how patients with established CAD as evidenced by a history of old myocardial infarction (OMI) differ in symptoms and outcome when hospitalized with AF Read More
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A rare case of de novo mosaic deletion 18p/ isochromosome 18q syndrome : Report and review of the literature
More LessMonosomy 18p syndrome is a rare, 50-year-old chromosomal disorder with varying phenotypical clinical manifestations. Dysmorphism, growth delay, delayed speech and mental retardation are a few common features observed. The cytogenetic findings also vary in each case. It may occur just as a pure deletion of entire 18p arm or as deletion of partial 18p arm, if involved in a translocation with other chromosomes. It may Read More
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قنوات الأطفال سبب رئيسي لزيادة معدل طيف التوحد الغير جيني والافضل منع الاطفال اقل من عامين للوقاية
More Lessبعد ان قمنا بتفسير جديد لطيف التوحد وعمل طريقة جديدة لعلاج طيف التوحد الغير جيني وهي العلاج عن طريق برمجة العقل والمشروحة في البحث الأول وهي باختصار وهي فرضية أن عقل الطفل عندما يولد يكون عقله محمل ببرنامج مكتسب من الجينات وضعه الخالق سبحانه وتعالى نصه انتبه الى ما هو مكرر انتبه الى المثيرات البصرية والسمعية ولكي يعمل هذا البرنامج يجب التفاعل مع الطفل لتحفيز عقل الطفل وخلاياه العصبية في حالة أن الطفل تم إهماله في الشهور الأولى أو أن الدماغ لم يحفز فيصبح اقل نشاطا في ال Read More
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Collagen I: A potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer
By Eman SadounProstate cancer is the second most common malignancy in men worldwide. Advanced age is the greatest risk factor for prostate cancer in humans. Many studies have examined the influence of age on prostate cells. It has been noted that ageing alters both stromal and epithelial aged prostate cells' secretory profile, which is characterized by increased expression of inflammatory mediators, such as CXC chemokines. This has be Read More
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The nutritional quality of grape leaves: Comparative study between leaves collected from arid and temperate regions in Palestine.
Authors: Jamil Harb, Amanie Abed, Saeed Khaseeb and Bashar SaadGrape leaves are widely consumed in Palestine, and many Mediterranean countries. This food item is considered as a delicacy in many cultures, and most consumers consider it as also a healthy food. Accordingly, we started two years ago a study to assess the nutritional quality of leaves collected from two grape varieties, namely Shami and Baituni, which were collected from two regions, namely Dahria (considered as an Read More
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Delayed sternal closure - initial clinical experience of a novel device developed in Qatar
By REYAZ LONEFollowing difficult cardiac surgery delayed sternal closure (DSC) is a recognized method of early post-operative management in patients with hemodynamic instability or severe coagulopathy . DSC is particularly useful in the paediatric & the neonatal age group due to a larger cardiac size relative to the thoracic cavity. The usefulness of DSC has led some centres to pursue the strategy as a preventive method to thwart low Read More
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Profile of rare developmental disabilities in a highly consanguineous Community: Research-based studies in Qatar
More LessDevelopmental disabilities (DDs) are a diverse group of physical and mental impairments. Subjects with DDs almost suffer long lasting deficiencies in normal developmental milestones. Etiologies of DDs might look different in communities with high rate of consanguineous marriages, which increase the likelihood of hereditary monogenetic disorders, particularly the autosomal recessive (AR) ones. This study focuses on rare h Read More
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Higher-order organization of rhodopsin in native photoreceptors by cryo-electron tomography
More LessAshraf Al-Amoudi1,2, Monika Gunkel1, Weaam Alkhaldi1,2, Stephan Irsen1, U. Benjamin Kaupp1 1Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), Department of Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175 Bonn, Germany, 2German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175 Bonn, Germany Vision begins with the absorption of photons by rhodopsin, t Read More
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A novel mutation in the MASP1 gene causes autosomal recessive multiple congenital anomaly syndrome
By Hala BoulosThree patients from two related and consanguineous sibships of Pakistani ethnic origin are affected by a recognizable pattern of multiple congenital anomalies. The clinical picture includes increased inner canthal distance, hypoplastic upper lid with ptosis, blepharophemosis, maxillary hypoplasia, facial asymmetry, cleft lip/palate, high arched palate, irregular dentition, low set ears and low posterior hairline, mild scoliosis and decre Read More
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Genomic analysis of inherited breast cancer among Palestinian women
By Moien KanaanIn the Middle East, breast cancer incidence among Palestinian women has historically been low, but with increased education and later initiation of child bearing among Palestinian young women, is now rapidly increasing. Furthermore, perhaps because of its historically low incidence, breast cancer among Palestinian women is strikingly familial. We explored the genetic bases of this familial risk in the context of providing cultu Read More
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Role of lipoxygenase pathway in diabetic retinopathy
More LessBackground: Features of diabetic retinopathy (DR) include leukocyte adhesion, hyperpermeability and retinal neovascularization (RNV). Our previous studies demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from the NADPH oxidase activity play crucial role in the pathogenesis of retinal vascular injury during DR. Recently we also demonstrated that upregulation of 12/15 lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX) and its lipid metab Read More
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Barriers to decision making in cancer multidisciplinary teams: Analysis of cancer decision-making in two surgical specialities
By Rozh JalilIntroduction: Multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) in cancer care have been instituted for almost 20 years. The rationale for MDT-driven care is that bringing together cancer specialists from a range of disciplines allows holistic and unbiased review of treatment options and optimisation of treatment pathways for patients. Multidisciplinary teams are becoming the standard practice in managing cancer patients in the world. Read More
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Feasibility study on MRI segmentation of knee structures for computer-assisted surgery
More LessBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Knee surgeries for total knee replacement or Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) repair involve the use of intraoperative computer-assisted navigation techniques for guiding surgical tools during the procedure. In clinical practice, a digital map of the knee is created for navigation from images acquired preoperatively. High hard-tissue contrast makes CT the preferred imaging modality. Read More
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Designing coding and modulation schemes for body-area networks
More LessA major role in the realm of health care is played by wireless monitoring systems. Body-area networks (BANs), which use the human body to support communication using low-power wireless sensor network technology, of late have been attracting a considerable interest. Now, the design of a transmission system for reliable communication through a BAN is a challenging problem. First, communication takes place on differ Read More
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Ethnitest: A basic genetic tool in the assessment of ethnic origin for medical research and commercial utilization
By Ali SalihThe application of DNA-based methods for inferring ethnicity to investigate criminal cases has been well documented in recent literature. Based on self claimed ethnicity, numerous human diseases and the efficacy of therapeutic drugs have been linked to ethnic backgrounds. These racially-related diseases and drug responders included, but not limited to, cardiovascular disorders, sickle cell anemia, breast cancer, prostate c Read More
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Pronunciation verification method for childhood apraxia of speech assessment tool
More LessBackground and Objectives Language production and speech articulation can be delayed in children due to developmental disabilities and neuromotor disorders such as childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). One of the behaviors that are commonly associated with the CAS is the articulation errors where the child mispronounced some of the produced phonemes. The presented Pronunciation Verification (PV) meth Read More
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Estimating the prevalence of injecting drug use in the Middle East and North Africa
By Ghina MumtazBackground and objective The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is home to the world's largest producer of opioids, as well as to major drug trade routes. Over 80% of the global supply of heroin is produced in Afghanistan, and over 75% of this is trafficked through Iran and Pakistan. The increased availability and purity of inexpensive heroin in MENA appears to have led to a subsequent rise in injecting drug use. The object Read More
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Using whole exome sequencing as a molecular diagnostic tool to identify disease-causing mutations in consanguineous families in Qatar
More LessBackground: Whole exome sequencing (WES), which focuses on sequencing of protein-coding regions of human genome, has greatly improved the identification of causal mutations for diverse human genetic disorders in the past four years. We applied WES as a molecular diagnostic tool to identify disease-causing mutations in consanguineous families displaying autosomal recessive (AR) disorders in Qatar. AR diseases are u Read More
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Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment For Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Mutton In Qatar
More LessBackground and Introduction—Foodborne illness has been identified as one of the major hindrances to the advancement of health around the world and bacterial pathogens play a major role in this impediment. Although most of the infections are self-limited, different estimates of the cost of illnesses around the world indicate costly episodes with the numbers ranging from $1,600 to $3,000. The global risk of the foodborne Read More
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The Advice Infrastructure For Generating And Delivering Evidence-Informed Clinical Decision Support Services: A Knowledge Management Approach
By Syed AbidiNext generation computerized healthcare services are destined to be knowledge-centric—i.e. leveraging best-evidence and best clinical practices to provide evidence-informed, patient-centered, safe, timely, and cost-effective care services. In this paper, we present an health informatics based clinical decision support infrastructure—termed as ADVICE (Agile Decisional Validation and Individualized Care Environment)—t Read More
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A Semantic Web Framework To Computerize And Execute Clinical Guidelines: Towards The Handling Of Co-Morbidities In Clinical Decision Support Systems
By Syed AbidiBackground: A Canadian study recommends General Practitioners (GP) to use evidence based Clinical Guidelines (CG) when dealing with co-morbid cardiovascular diseases, in particular for the diagnosis and preliminary management of co-morbid Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) and Atrial Fibrillation (AF). Although paper-based Canadian CG exist for the management of CHF and AF, the challenge for physicians is to simultaneously appl Read More
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Identification Of Genes Involved In The Growth Of Pancreatic Cancer Cells In The Rat Liver Of Nude Rats
By Hassan AdwanPurpose: Owing to aggressiveness and chemo-resistance, pancreatic ductal adeno-carcinoma (PDAC) is characterised by a poor prognosis. At the advanced stage, which is characterised by metastasis into adjacent organs, especially the liver, all systemic treatment approaches have failed, so far. To address this disease spe¬cific dilemma we aimed to establish animal models, which mimic liver metastasis of PDAC and to identif Read More
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Prevention of hospital infections using Ag/ZnO nanoparticle visible light photocatalyst
By Khaled Saoudhospital infection due surface contamination becomes very important field of study in recent years. Such contamination can provide a good environment for different microorganisms (i.e. bacteria, viruses, and fungi) to grow and transmit infectious diseases when they come into contact with human body . Recent studies show that surface contamination is accounted for 100,000 deaths in United States alone. Antibacterial Read More
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A smart wearable technology for fall prevention in patients with diabetes: Application of plantar electrical stimulation
By Bijan NajafiBackground: Neurodegenerative diseases like diabetes can significantly impair patients' postural balance and gait. These negative alterations in balance and gait coupled with peripheral neuropathy (PN) can dramatically reduce patients' ability to perform activities of daily living and also put them on high fall-risk. The purpose of this study is to treat balance deficit due to diabetes and PN using a home wearable technology ba Read More
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Whole genome polymorphism analysis and responsiveness of melanoma to TIL therapy
More LessAdoptive cell transfer therapy (ACT) holds a highly promising treatment for metastatic melanoma patients. ACT involves the ex vivo expansion of autologous antitumor reactive tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and their reinfusion into lymphodepleted patients, accompanied by IL-2 administration. ACT demonstrates objective clinical responsiveness in 40-50% patients, including 10-21% complete responses. However, Read More
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Chairing and leadership in multidisciplinary cancer teams: Development and evaluation of an assessment tool
By Rozh JalilIntroduction: The Multidisciplinary team (MDT) is defined as a "group of people of different healthcare disciplines, which meets together at a given time (whether physically in one place, or by video or teleconferencing) to discuss a given patient and who are each able to contribute independently to the diagnostic and treatment decisions about the patient". These teams meet regularly, review investigation results an Read More
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Role(s) of microRNAs as markers and mediators of insulin resistance
More LessBackground: Early and rapid onset of obesity in the Qatari population, consequent to expansion primarily of abdominal adipose tissue, is closely associated with inflammation and insulin resistance. Recent interest has focused on microRNA (miRNA), both as biomarkers and mediators, of disease and therefore potentially therapeutic targets. MiRNAs are stable, non-coding species involved in the post-transcriptional regulati Read More
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