1887
Volume 2011, Issue 1
  • E-ISSN: 2223-506X

ملخص

Abstract

There is currently little information on the composition of heavy metals in beverages imported and locally produced in Nigeria. The study quantitatively determined the composition of antimony (Sb), tin (Sn) and mercury (Hg) in 50 different beverage samples and evaluated the extent of violation of guideline values. Analysis of the beverage samples for the presence of Sb, Sn, and Hg was carried out using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) 929. The mean values detected for mercury, tin and antimony (±SE) in fruit juices and soft drinks were 2.39±0.25, 3.66±0.22 and 0.49±0.048 μg/l; 2.93±0.34, 3.60±0.46 and 0.49±0.10 μg/l in dairy drinks and 0.94±0.02, 4.34±0.48 and 0.48±0.05 μg/l in bottled water samples respectively. While antimony detected in all products was below guideline values, mercury and tin were above the acceptable levels established by the World Health Organization, United States Environmental Protection Agency and European Union in most samples tested.

Loading

جارٍ تحميل قياسات المقالة...

/content/journals/10.5339/connect.2011.2
٢٠١١-١١-١٨
٢٠٢٤-٠٧-٠٦
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/connect/2011/1/connect.2011.2.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.5339/connect.2011.2&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry. (2003). Toxicological Profile for Mercury, U.S. Department of Health and Humans Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA.
  2. Blunden , S., & Wallace , T. (2003 Dec). Tin in canned food: a review and understanding of occurrence and effect. Food Chem Toxicol, 41:(12), 16511662.
    [Google الباحث العلمي]
  3. Boogaard , P.J., Boisset , M., Blunden , S., Davies , S., Ong , T.J., & Taverne , J.P. (2003 Dec). Comparative assessment of gastrointestinal irritant potency in man of tin(II) chloride and tin migrated from packaging. Food Chem Toxicol, 41:(12), 16631670.
    [Google الباحث العلمي]
  4. Carmignani , M., Boscolo , P., & Preziosi , P. (1989). Renal ultrastructural alterations and cardiovascular functional changes in rats exposed to mercuric chloride. Archives of Toxicology, 13:, 353356. Supplement.
    [Google الباحث العلمي]
  5. Chung , Cheung, Kwong , Stephen Wai, Yau , Ka Ping, & Wong , Joan (July 2008). Waiky Dietary exposure to antimony, lead and mercury of secondary school students in Hong Kong. Food Additives and Contaminants, Volume 25, Number 7. 831840.
    [Google الباحث العلمي]
  6. de Groot , A.P., Feron , V.J., & Til , H.P. (1973). Food Cosmet Toxicol, 11:, 1930.
    [Google الباحث العلمي]
  7. Egan , S.K., Tao , S.S.H., Pennington , J.A.T., & Bolger , P.M. (2002). US Food and Drug Administration’s Total Diet Study: intake of nutritional and toxic elements, 1991–96. Food Additives and Contaminants, 19:(2), 103125.
    [Google الباحث العلمي]
  8. Galal-Gorchev , H. (1991). Dietary intake of pesticide residues, cadmium, mercury, and lead. Food Additives and Contaminants, 8:, 793806.
    [Google الباحث العلمي]
  9. Hansen , C., Tsirigotaki , A., Bak , S.A., Pergantis , S.A., Stürup , S., Gammelgaard , B., & Hansen , H.R. (2010 April 9). Elevated antimony concentrations in commercial juices. J Environ Monit, 12:(4), 822824. Epub 2010 Feb 17.
    [Google الباحث العلمي]
  10. Iyengar , G.V., Tanner , J.T., & Wolf , W.R.  et al.(1987). Sci Total Environ, 61:, 235252.
    [Google الباحث العلمي]
  11. JECFA, 1989 Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants: thirty-third report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. Geneva, World Health Organization (WHO Technical Report Series No. 776).
  12. Krejpcıo , Z., Sıonkowskı, S., & Bartela , J. (2005). Safety of fresh fruits and juices available on the Polish market as determined by heavy metal residues. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 14:, 877881.
    [Google الباحث العلمي]
  13. Lamperti , A.A., & Printz , R.H. (1973). Effects of mercuric chloride on the reproductive cycle of the female hamster. Biology of Reproduction, 8:, 378387.
    [Google الباحث العلمي]
  14. Maduabuchi , J.-M.U., Nzegwu , C.N., Adigba , E.O., Oragwu , C.I., Agbo , F.N., Agbata , C.A., Ani , G.C., & Orisakwe , O.E. (2008). Iron, Manganese and Nickel exposure from beverages in Nigeria: a public health concern? J Health Sci, 34:, 335338.
    [Google الباحث العلمي]
  15. Orisakwe , O.E., Igwilo , I.O., Afonne , O.J., Maduabuchi , J.U., Obi , E., & Nduka , J.C. (2006). Heavy Metal Hazards of Sachet Water in Nigeria Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health, 61:(XXXX).
    [Google الباحث العلمي]
  16. Orisakwe , O.E., Oragwu , C.I., Maduabuchi , J.M.U., Nzegwu , C.N., & Nduka , J.K.C. (February 2009). Copper, selenium and zinc content of canned and non-canned beverages in Nigeria. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 3:(1), 042049.
    [Google الباحث العلمي]
  17. Parkhurst , D.F. (1998). Arithmetic versus geometric means for environmental Concentration data. Environ Sci Technol, 32:, 92A98A.
    [Google الباحث العلمي]
  18. The Tin in Food Regulations 1992 (S.I. [1992] No. 469). The Stationery Office.
  19. US Environmental Protection Agency (2011). Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories.
  20. Vannoort , R., Cressey , P., & Silvers , K. (2000). 1997/1998 New Zealand Total Diet Survey. Part 2: Elements. Ministry of Health, World Health Organization, Geneva.
    [Google الباحث العلمي]
  21. World Health Organization (WHO). Methylmercury.Environmental Health Criteria 101. Geneva: WHO;1990. Available from: http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc101.htm.
  22. World Health Organization. (2003). http://www.who.int/watersanitationhealth/dwq/chemicals/antimony/en/accessed on May 1, 2006.
  23. WHO. Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality. 2nd ed., Vol 1. Recommendations, 2003. World Health Organization, Geneva.
/content/journals/10.5339/connect.2011.2
Loading
/content/journals/10.5339/connect.2011.2
Loading

جارٍ تحميل البيانات والوسائط...

  • نوع المستند: Research Article
الموضوعات الرئيسية beveragebiologychemistryfood contaminantsheavy metalmedicinepublic healthrisk assessment and toxicology
هذه الخانة مطلوبة
يُرجى إدخال عنوان بريد إلكتروني صالح
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error