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The Human Person: Challenges for Science, Religion and Governance. An international Symposium
- Conference date: 3-4 Mar 2014
- Location: Georgetown University in Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- Volume number: 2014
- Published: 01 March 2014
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The Human Person: Challenges for Religion, Science and Governance and Prospects for Common Responses
By Osman BakarThe issue of who is or what is a human person occupies a central place in the history of relationships or encounters between religion and science. The Copernican Revolution, Darwinian Evolutionism, and Genetic Determinism have all contributed in significant but different ways to the progressive undermining of the traditional religious understanding of ‘human.’ From the religious perspective, science aided by technolo Read More
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Exploring Personhood in Islamic Thought
More LessHow is human personhood conceived in Muslim thought? It is, of course, impossible to frame such a vast question across the breadth of Muslim thought. But I will begin to explore this question drawing on the work of Abu Hamid al-Ghazali (d. 1111). What are the crucial attributes about being a person? Is it to be a rational person? Or does it also involve the element of being a moral person, who requires some amount of choic Read More
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Human Relationship in Contemporary Muslim Bioethics
More LessIn this paper I discuss contemporary examples of bioethical debates in which some Muslims have objected to new medical interventions on the grounds that they dubiously change God’s creation (khalq Allah) or that such medical interventions trespass on the human body as God’s property (milk Allah). In closely scrutinizing these examples, it becomes apparent that such stances about the proper human-God relationship are Read More
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Human Personhood in Contemporary Islamic Bioethical Discourse
More LessThe breathtaking panoply of twentieth-century biomedical advancements made it possible to follow, and even sometimes manipulate, what is going on inside the mother's uteruses during the gestational period. These radical scientific developments have had considerable impact on grasping some of the very basic concepts in our lives such as health and sickness, life and death and even the very notion of human personhood. Read More
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Gender, Islam, And Assisted Reproductive Technologies
More LessAs academics and Muslim thinkers begin to explore and formulate Islamic bioethics, it seems that the vital dimension of gender has so far received short shrift. This may appear all the more surprising in light of a growing body of literature on gender and Islam generally, though in many ways it mirrors the development of bioethics in the North American context. In that instance, too, new theories and cases involving gender wer Read More
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Law And Ethics In Islamic Bioethics
More LessWhile the scope of Islamic Jurisprudence (fiqh) covers, broadly speaking, two areas of human-God (‘ibadat) and human-human (mu’amalat) relations, ethics undergirds the entire value system of the religious law in Islam. Throughout its history Islamic jurisprudence has been guided by the normative system derived from religious texts that has enabled jurists at different times to provide fresh rulings by engaging in ethic Read More
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Relational Aspects of Embryology in Islamic Bioethics
By Thomas EichIn this paper I argue that many pillars of embryological models based on Qur’an and Hadith took several centuries in Islamic History to develop. This relates to two aspects: a) which passages were linked to each other in order to derive the model and b) the ways how these passages were interpreted. The ensuing discussions lasted well into the 15th or 16th century the least. This is important to keep in mind when we look a Read More
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Boundaries of Legitimacy and Illegitimacy in Islamic Lineage Regulations
More LessIslamic lineage regulations are rooted in religiously binding foundations. Paternity is tied to the notion of licit sexual relationship through the concept of firash (matrimonial bed). A legal husband is presumed to be the father of the children born by his wife during a valid and verified marital relationship. The paternity relationship in Islam relies on the concept of licit sex in the form of marriage, or in the past ownership of a fe Read More
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Human Dignity And The Right To Die
More LessUntil recently that emerging new medical technologies have obligated societies to review their traditional positions toward death and dying, death was a mysterious and challenging social concept, usually dealt with in the shade of a religious-metaphysical context. In Islam while human is highly dignified as the vicegerent of Allah, death, the separation of soul from the body, is known as an existential, inevitable, unavoidable, conti Read More
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Neuroscience and the Human Person
More LessEspecially after a secular Enlightenment focused on the human capacity for rationality and individual self-determination, the developed West has had what might be described as a ‘turn to the head.’ This general orientation operates with the assumption that what ultimately matters about human person can be found in a single organ — the brain — with some thinkers going so far as to claim that human persons are brains. Read More
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Neuroscience & Four Challenges Concerning Freedom, Character, & Action
More LessThis short talk will introduce four challenges posed by neuroscience for our understanding of moral personhood and action. I begin with a well-known challenge: that of free will and voluntary action. I propose to frame the challenge not in terms of whether or not we have free will, but the kind of freedom we have. In philosophy, this often centers on debates between libertarian free will and compatibilist free will. There are Read More
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The Challenges of Neuroscience and International Opportunities for Neuroethics
Authors: Elisabetta Lanzilao and James GiordanoNeuroscience: Addressing Perdurable Questions of Humanity Research in, and applications of neuroscience and neurotechnology are increasingly becoming an international enterprise. The past 10 years reveal the accelerated pace of both neuroscientific advancement, and investment of non-Western nations, corporate and venture capital companies, and actors in neuroscientific and neurotechnological research and develop Read More
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Three Visions of Persons: Sacred, Secular, and Scientific
More LessThere are three perspectives on the nature of persons: Sacred, Secular, and Scientific. One idea is that these perspectives are fundamentally incompatible, inconsistent, incommensurable. Another is that these three perspectives can be reconciled. I explore the tension and explain how the ideas of a good human life, a morally excellent human life can be preserved even if the theories of evolution by natural selection and th Read More
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