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Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings Volume 2014 Issue 1
- Conference date: 18-19 Nov 2014
- Location: Qatar National Convention Center (QNCC), Doha, Qatar
- Volume number: 2014
- Published: 18 November 2014
221 - 240 of 480 results
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Differentially Expressed Circulating And Cell Associated MicroRNAs In The Investigation Of The Role Of Viral Infection In Type 1 Diabetes
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterised by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Enterovirus (EV) infections have been frequently linked to T1D, but a causal relationship has not been well-established. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) function as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. However, their role in virus-induced β-cell death has not been investigated. We hypothesize that EV infection of β-cells alters Read More
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Children With Type 1 Diabetes, Role Of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines As Disease Biomarkers
Background: Cytokines are important mediators of the inflammatory response in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We have previously observed pro-inflammatory cytokine profiles in children with islet autoimmunity. In the present study we examined the role of cytokine profiles as immunological biomarkers of T1D in a case-control study of 162 children at T1D onset and 164 community controls matched for age, sex and time. The Read More
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Cloning, Overexpression And Molecular Characterization Of Four Superantigens: Production Of Protein Therapeutics For Cancer Treatment
Background Bacterial superantigens (SAGs) are potent T cell stimulatory molecules and comprise a large family of disease-associated proteins. Superantigens bind to APCs on the outside of the MHC class II molecule and to T cells via the external face of the T cell receptor (TCR). This enables them to activate up to 20% of resting T cells, whilst conventional antigen presentation results in the activation of 0.001- 0.0001% of the Read More
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Metalloproteinase-dependent And -independent Processes Contribute To Inhibition Of Breast Cancer Cell Migration, Angiogenesis And Liver Metastasis By A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase With Thrombospondin Motifs-15.
Background & objectives. The ADAMTS proteinases are a family of secreted, matrix-associated enzymes that have diverse roles in the regulation of tissue organization and vascular homeostasis. Several of the 19 human family members have been identified as having either tumor promoting or suppressing roles. We previously demonstrated that decreased ADAMTS15 expression correlated with a worse clinical outcome in mam Read More
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A Qualitative Exploration Of Facilitators And Barriers To Interprofessional Practice In Healthcare In Qatar
Authors: Michael K. Corman and Jason HickeyBackground: Healthcare in Qatar is undergoing a period of major reform, driven by a strong economy and vision for a world-class healthcare system. One area identified as a potential contributor to developing a world-class healthcare system is interprofessional education (IPE), with the goal of facilitating collaborative practice among healthcare workers. Several key steps have been taken towards developing IPE in Qatar Read More
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Specification Of Va And Vd Usage By Tcra/Tcrd Locus V Gene Segment Promoters
Authors: Abbas Hawwari, Abani Naik and Michael KrangelThe Tcra/Tcrd locus undergoes V-Dδ-Jδ rearrangement in CD4-CD8- thymocytes to form the TCRδ chain of the γδ TCR and V-Jα rearrangement in CD4+CD8+ thymocytes to form the TCRα chain of the αβ TCR. Most V segments in the locus participate in V-Jα rearrangement, but only a small and partially overlapping subset participates in V-Dδ-Jδ rearrangement. What determines any particular Tcra/Tcrd locus V gene segment as a Read More
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RISK FACTORS, LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH HABITS OF YOUNG ADULTS IN QATAR
Background & Objectives The state of Qatar has witnessed significant lifestyle changes due to rapid urbanization, the introduction of labour-saving devices and the availability of high-caloric density food. This has impacted on the daily lifestyle and health habits of young adults leading to significant increases in non-communicable diseases (WHO, 2014). This study explored the risk factors associated with such diseases am Read More
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Inheritance Of Methylation In The Qatari Population
Authors: Shaza Zaghlool, Mashael Al-shafai, Wadha Al Muftah, Pankaj Kumar and Karsten SuhreBackground & Objectives: The environment surrounding an organism can have a direct impact on methylation and trans-generational effects in both mammals [1] and plants [2, 3]. Some epigenetic changes are heritable or somehow passed on to future generations without altering the organism's underlying DNA sequence[4]. The concept of DNA methylation heritability in mammals is emerging, although the mechanism Read More
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Influence Of Specific Hsc70 Domains On Fibril Formation Of Human Amylin Involved In Type 2 Diabetes: Importance Of The C-terminal Lid
By Ali ChaariProtein misfolding and amyloid formation is an underlying pathological hallmark in a number of prevalent diseases of protein aggregation, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and Type 2 diabetes (T2D). The expansion in the prevalence of T2D, including in Qatar, where a high percentage of the population is affected by diabetes, poses considerable risks to individuals, the healthcare system and the economy. Ep Read More
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A Prospective Metabonomics Analysis Reveals New Pathways Involved In T2D Development
Authors: Abdelilah Arredouani, Loic Yengo, Beverley Balkau, Mario Falchi and Philippe FroguelBackground & Objectives: Characterization of the metabolic disruptions that precede the onset of T2D is critical for the screening of high risk individuals and hence the implementation of effective early interventions to prevent/delay the onset of T2D and its complications. Currently available predictors fail to grasp the complex etiology of T2D. Metabolomics profiling opened new horizons for biomarkers discovery; an Read More
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Induction Of Hydroxyurea-Mediated Altered Gene Expression-Like Pattern In Sickle Cell Anaemia Erythroid Cells From Qatari Populations.
Authors: Queenie Fernandes, Mohamed Yassin and Nader Al-dewikBackground: Sickle Cell Anaemia (SCA) is a genetically-inherited blood disorder caused by the occurrence of a point mutation in the bases coding for the sixth amino-acid of the β-chain of haemoglobin. The presence of Fetal Haemoglobin (HbF) in blood is known to show a number of beneficial effects in improving the conditions of SCA. Hence, clinical symptoms of SCA arise only after HbF levels drop. HbF is synthesized by the H Read More
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In-vitro Assembly Of A Sickle Cell Haemoglobin Intermediate To Mimic Wild-type Characteristics
Authors: Queenie Fernandes and Daliya GeorgeBackground: Sickle Cell Anaemia (SCA) is a genetically-inherited class of haemoglobinopathies arising due to a point mutation in the nucleotides coding for the sixth amino-acid of the β-haemoglobin. During sickle cell haemoglobin (HbS) synthesis the amino acid "valine" gets incorporated in the growing protein chain at the site of "glutamic acid". At the final stages of protein folding to form the quaternary structure of HbS, th Read More
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Referral Pattern And 3D Visualization Of Microstructure Of Carotid Artery Plaque, Using Laser-Scanning Confocal-Microscopy (LSCM)
Authors: Ahmed Khattab, Leopold Streletz, David Wertheim, Ibtisam Ali and Damian JenkinsonBackground: Strokes account for over 8% of deaths in men and 12% of deaths in women in the UK and the total cost of Stroke to the National Health Service within the UK is estimated to be over £7 billion per year. Carotid artery disease can cause stroke, transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and amaurosis fugax. Surgical intervention to remove the carotid plaque is likely to be helpful in symptomatic patients with > 50% steno Read More
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An E-health Based Integrated Management Program Advancing Community Treatment Of Atrial Fibrillation (IMPACT-AF)
Authors: Syed Sibte Raza Abidi, Jafna Cox, Samina Abidi, Ashraf Abusharekh and Joanna Nemis-whiteAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common abnormality of cardiac rhythm. There is growing evidence advocating an integrated multi-disciplinary approach to delivery of AF care facilitates which has led to improved care and outcomes and reductions in hospitalizations. In this research program, we have implemented a patient-centered and community-focused AF management program—termed as IMPACT-AF—to provi Read More
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A Guideline Compliant Clinical Decision Support System In Mobile And Smart Environments For Diagnosing Medical Conditions
Authors: Patrice Roy, Newres Al Haider, William Van Woensel, Ahmad Marwan Ahmad and Syed Sr AbidiBackground & Objectives: Integration of Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) in mobile and smart environments helps to improve the quality of life of people with health problems. CDSS are used to derive clinical conclusions from patient data, in order to automate and help the process of diagnosing and treating the patient. One way that CDSS can be implemented is to formalize a clinical guideline (document detailing best Read More
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Risk Of Foodborne Pathogens Associated With Retail Products In Qatar
Authors: Kenlyn Peters, Darine Dimass, Ahmed Salem, Yu-chen Chang, Ali Sultan and Hussni Omar MohammedBackground and objectives-Foodborne illness has been determined to be one of the major limitations to the advancement of world health and with the ease of travel around the world and the increase in trade of food and animal products, the risk has been exacerbated in recent years. It has been proclaimed as one of the high priority issues in the Qatar National Food Security Master Plan. Different estimates of burden of dise Read More
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Cloning In E Coli, Overexpression And Molecular Characterization Of Novel Glucarpidase: Enzyme Involved In ADEPT For Cancer Treatment
Authors: Alanod Alqahtani, Afrah Al-yafei, Mathew Groves, Alex Domling, Aishah Latiff and Sayed K GodaBack ground Antibody Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy (ADEPT) is a technique which has been used in cancer treatment. This therapy consists of two steps the aim of which is to convert a prodrug to a powerful cytotoxic drug only in the vicinity of the tumor. The technique requires a bacterial enzyme, glucarpidase (former name: carboxypeptidase G2, CPG2). The use of glucarpidase in ADEPT and in detoxification of the cytotox Read More
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Thyroid Function And Depression In Pregnant Women In Qatar
Authors: Madeeha Nasir, Sundus Mari, Mariam Abdulmalik, Javaid Sheikh and Margaret AltemusContext There is an increased demand on the thyroid gland during pregnancy that results in lower levels of free thyroid hormone as pregnancy progresses. Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies, which are the most common cause of hypothyroidism and sub-clinical hypothyroidism, are found in 8-20% of women in the reproductive age group. It is unknown whether women with anti-thyroid antibodies are more prone to develop Read More
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An Evaluation Of The Clinical Potential Of Ngs In Hcm
Background hypertrophic Cardiomayopathy is an inherited heart muscle disease with considerable heterogeneity at genetic and phenotypic levels and poor correlation between genotype and phenotype. Next generation sequencing could help in addressing this problem. Subjects and Methods The present study involved 144 unrelated consecutive index HCM patients enrolled in the BA HCM National Program in Egypt subjected t Read More
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An Efficient Non-invasive Sample Collection For Various Population Segments
More LessDeciphering genomes/proteomes at a personal level will not only help in identifying hereditary predisposing factors but also contribute to designing drugs with higher efficacies at the personal level. However, to arrive at this level of understanding we need to collect data in communities locally and globally. One of the major problems we face to achieve such objectives is volunteer recruitment for sample collection. Non-invasive Read More
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