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Qatar Foundation Annual Research Forum Volume 2012 Issue 1
- Conference date: 21-23 Oct 2012
- Location: Qatar National Convention Center (QNCC), Doha, Qatar
- Volume number: 2012
- Published: 01 October 2012
141 - 160 of 469 results
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Molecular modeling of mutations of the human cardiac troponin T hotspot codon 102 associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Egypt
Authors: Magdi Yacoub, Navaneeth Krishnamoorthy and Poornima GajendraraoHypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common inherited heart diseases associated with a large number of mutations in several sarcomere proteins that regulate striated muscle contraction. The 3-dimensional structural and biophysical consequences of these mutations and their impact on the genotype-phenotype relationship remains poorly understood. Mutations in cardiac TroponinT (cTnT) have been reported to purpo Read More
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Designer scaffolds for tissue engineering heart valves
Authors: Magdi Yacoub, Navaneeth Krishnamoorthy and Jerome SohierCollagen fibers are essential components of tissues and an important protein in the extracellular matrix, which maintains the structural and mechanical integrity of tissues while providing key signals to regulate cell functions. Although animal-based collagens can be used as biomaterial for tissue engineering heart valves, they cause infections and lack flexibility. These limitations have stimulated the exploration of collage Read More
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Towards understanding molecular mechanisms of calficic aortic stenosis (CAS)
Authors: Magdi Yacoub, Najma Latif and Adrian ChesterRecent studies have demonstrated that CAS is an active, regulated disease process akin to atherosclerosis, in which resident cells undergo remodeling and transformation. Normal valves harbor a low percentage of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) however their role in CAS is not defined. We analyzed 12 normal and 22 calcified valves for early and late differentiated SMC markers by immunocytochemistry. Expression of myoca Read More
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Biphasic nanofibrillar matrices for valve tissue engineering
Authors: Magdi Yacoub, Adrian Chester and Jerome SohierOur strategy for heart valve tissue engineering uses autologous cells to populate appropriate template matrices.The goal is to create a suitable scaffold supporting proper cell growth while reproducing the specific mechanical properties of native heart valves extracellular matrix (ECM). Accordingly, aligned and non-aligned nanofibrillar structures of different porosities were prepared and evaluated with regards to their m Read More
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Reproducing human heart valves anisotropy with a nanotechnology approach
Authors: Magdi Yacoub, Jerome Sohier and Adrian ChesterTopology and organization of cell environment is an important regulator of differentiation and function. In view of heart valve tissue engineering, we devised a biomimetic scaffold that supports proper cell growth and cell-matrix interactions by reproducing the specific anisotropic fibrillar structure of valves extracellular matrix (ECM). We hypotheseized that high porosity levels of novel nanofibrillar matrices allow extensive cell coloni Read More
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Influence of sedentary lifestyle on body weight in Qatari school children
Authors: Mahmoud Abdallah Alkhateib, Mohammed Al-Zoghbi, Mohammed Saleh and Hamda QutbaBackground & Objectives: School children among the most vulnerable groups that pass critical periods of physical, mental, and developmental growth are in need of special nutrition and health care. Little is known about the nutritional status of school children in Qatar. The aim of the present investigation is to determine the anthropometrics measurements (height, weight and body mass index) of Qatari school children Read More
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What are the changes in oxidative stress and DNA in response to cycling in a thermal challenging environment?
By Wade KnezBackground A hot environment is associated with an increase in core temperature and dehydration. However, there are minimal data investigating the time course of changes in oxidative stress and DNA in response to cycling in a hot environment. Additionally, it is not known whether there is a critical point in core temperature for the production of oxidative stress or DNA modification. Subsequently, this research investigated th Read More
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Predictors of in-hospital mortality among Middle Eastern Arab and South Asian patients hospitalized with atrial fibrillation: Analysis from a 20-year registry in Qatar (1991-2010)
Authors: Amar M Salam, Hajar A AlBinali, Abdul Wahid Al-Mulla, Rajvir Singh and Jassim Al SuwaidiObjectives: Although predictors of mortality have been identified in major atrial fibrillation (AF) clinical trials, most of the data were limited to studies in the developed world and included mainly Caucasian patients. The aim of this study is to identify predictors of mortality in Middle Eastern Arab and South Asian patients hospitalized with AF in a real-world population in a Middle Eastern country. Methods: Retrospective analysi Read More
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Determining the significance of observed mutations in ovarian tumors using a random expectation model
Authors: Najeeb Halabi, Joel Malek and Arash RafiiBackground and Objectives: Recent next generation sequencing studies of different cancers reveal a varied spectrum of mutations with patients having dozens to hundreds of mutations with little overlap in mutations between different patients. A difficult problem is to understand which of the observed mutations contribute to tumorigenesis. While several approaches have been used to determine significantly mutated genes, th Read More
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The outcomes of sleeve gastrectomy for treatment of morbidly obese adolescents in Hamad General Hospital
Authors: Mohammed Al Kuwari, Michel Gagner, Davit Sargsyan, Moataz Bashah and Mohammed RizwanIntroduction: Obesity is a global problem affecting adolescents and teens with profound psychological and medical sequelae. The role of bariatric surgery in adolescents remains controversial. The aim of the study is to report our results with sleeve gastrectomy in this population. Goal of study: To study the efficacy of sleeve gastrectomy as a treatment for obese adolescents in terms of weight loss, comorbidity resolution and saf Read More
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Selecting the maximum relevant translated EEG time-frequency features with a minimum redundancy using the mutual information measure for newborn seizure detection and classification
Authors: Larbi Boubchir and Boualem BoashashBackground Analyzing the Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a standard approach for detecting newborn seizure. The manual detection of newborn seizure by visual scanning of EEG recordings is time consuming especially with long recordings. It also requires skilled interpreters, i.e. a neurophysiologist, resulting in possible subjective judgment and error. Hence, the EEG signal parameters extracted and analyzed using c Read More
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Secular trends in cardiovascular comorbidities, etiologies and related mortality among Middle Eastern Arab and South Asian patients hospitalized with atrial fibrillation: A 20-year experience from Qatar (1991-2010)
Authors: Amar M Salam, Hajar AlBinali, Abdul Wahid Al-Mulla, Rajvir Singh and Jassim Al SuwaidiObjectives: Little is known about the ethnic variability in trends of the etiologies of atrial fibrillation (AF) and related mortality. This was examined in this study in patients hospitalized with AF in a real-world population in a Middle Eastern country. Methods: Retrospective analysis of prospective registry of all patients hospitalized with AF in Qatar from 1991 through 2010 was made. Rates and trends of clinical characteristics, cardi Read More
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Reducing cost in sequential testing: A limit of indifference approach
More LessIn non-inferiority studies, a limit of indifference is used to express a tolerance in results such that the clinician would regard such results as being acceptable, or 'not worse'. We applied this concept to a measure of accuracy, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, for a sequence of tests. We expressed a limit of indifference for the range of acceptable sensitivity values and examined the associated cost of testing wit Read More
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Does supraspinal fatigue limit repeated sprint ability?
Authors: Olivier Girard, David J Bishop and Sébastien RacinaisBackground and Objectives: Most previous explanations of fatigue during repeated sprint exercise have focused on muscular factors associated with cellular mechanisms. At present, the nature of the neural adjustments and the extent to which corticospinal responsiveness is altered after the completion of repeated sprint exercise are yet to be elucidated. This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that, in addition to the Read More
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Curcumin protects against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and cellular injury in human embryonic kidney cells
Authors: Shankar Munusamy, Amna Fadul and Muna Al-IsmailBackground and Objectives: Oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of various diseases including renal injury. Curcumin has been shown to exert antioxidant activity in various experimental models. Thus, the objectives of this study are to standardize and establish an in vitro model of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced renal cell injury using human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293), and to evaluate the cytoprot Read More
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'See and Treat' model of care at Hamad General Hospital
Authors: Khalid Abdulnoor Saifeldeen, Peter Alistair Cameron and Jessica OddyBackground and Objectives: The provision of emergency care is globally recognized as among the most difficult and challenging elements of any healthcare system. Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) was facing increasing pressure to introduce initiatives to significantly ease problems with congestion at Hamad General Hospital's (HGH) Emergency Department (ED). This ED is one of the busiest in the world, with an average Read More
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The State of Qatar's national perinatal mortality rate during 2011 is comparable with selected high income countries: A PEARL study analysis
Background and Objectives: Perinatal mortality, a combination of stillbirths and early neonatal mortality (day 0-6 of life), is a very strong indicator to assess healthcare during the perinatal period. Our study aims to prospectively determine Qatar's perinatal mortality rate (PMR) during 2011, analyze trends from 1990 to 2011 and compare the findings with recent data from selected high income countries. Methods: A PEARL st Read More
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Attitudes and practices of community pharmacists about complimentary and alternative medicines (CAM) in the State of Qatar: A qualitative study
Authors: Nadir Kheir, Hoda Gad Atwa and Safae Abu YousefBackground and Objectives: There is an escalating interest among patients and consumers in the use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM), specifically natural health products, for a variety of illnesses. The public interest in CAM makes it important to explore the attitudes and beliefs of pharmacists involved in selling and dispensing these products. Our objectives were to explore the attitudes of community phar Read More
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Qatar's maternal survival and health status during 2011: A PEARL study analysis
Background and Objectives: The millennium development goals (MDG 5) mandate a three quarters reduction in maternal mortality ratio (MMR) by 2015. Hence, universal access to reproductive health and improvement in maternal survival remains the prime focus of all global health strategies and plans of action. Our study aims to analyze Qatar's performance in achieving MDG 5 by 2011. Methodology: A PEARL study (perinatal Read More
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Qatar achieves its target of neonatal survival required by United Nations Millennium Development Goal 4: A PEARL study analysis
Background and Objectives: Neonatal mortality, a component of United Nations Millennium Development Goal 4 (MDG-4) (two thirds reduction in childhood mortality by 2015), has been a focus of all global health improvement strategies and plans of action since 1990. Our study aims to prospectively ascertain Qatar's neonatal mortality rate (NMR) during 2011, analyze trends between 1975 and 2011, and compare with r Read More
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