Muscat and Muttrah | QScience.com

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Muscat and Muttrah 2010

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Muscat and Muttrah 1974

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Muscat and Muttrah 1974

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FIGURE 6.1

Map of Coast of Oman

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FIGURE 6.1 Map of Coast of Oman

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IMAGE 6.1

Historical sketches of the natural harbour, Muscat

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IMAGE 6.1 Historical sketches of the natural harbour, Muscat

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FIGURE 6.2

Economic and political timeline of Muscat

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FIGURE 6.2 Economic and political timeline of Muscat

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FIGURE 6.3

Outdoor dry bulb temperature Each column represents one day, each cell represents one hour

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FIGURE 6.3 Outdoor dry bulb temperature Each column represents one day, each cell represents one hour

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FIGURE 6.4

Air temperatures and solar radiation

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FIGURE 6.4 Air temperatures and solar radiation

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FIGURE 6.5

Monthly humidity averages

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FIGURE 6.5 Monthly humidity averages

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FIGURE 6.6

Relative humidity and temperature

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FIGURE 6.6 Relative humidity and temperature

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FIGURE 6.7

Wind frequency

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FIGURE 6.7 Wind frequency

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IMAGE 6.2

Aerial photograph of Muscat and Muttrah, 1950

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IMAGE 6.2 Aerial photograph of Muscat and Muttrah, 1950

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IMAGE 6.3

Muscat, 1870

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IMAGE 6.3 Muscat, 1870

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IMAGE 6.4

Muscat, 1880

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IMAGE 6.4 Muscat, 1880

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IMAGE 6.5

Muttrah Fort, 1950 or 1960

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IMAGE 6.5 Muttrah Fort, 1950 or 1960

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IMAGE 6.6

View of Muscat from Riyam Pass, 1908

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IMAGE 6.6 View of Muscat from Riyam Pass, 1908

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IMAGE 6.7

Muscat’s Fort Al-Mirani, 1970

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IMAGE 6.7 Muscat’s Fort Al-Mirani, 1970

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IMAGE 6.8

View from Muttrah Fort, 1969

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IMAGE 6.8 View from Muttrah Fort, 1969

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FIGURE 6.8

Common historic illnesses

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FIGURE 6.8 Common historic illnesses

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FIGURE 6.9

Reported rates or cases of major diseases in Oman from 1951–1995

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FIGURE 6.9 Reported rates or cases of major diseases in Oman from 1951–1995

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IMAGE 6.9

Muscat Market outside of the walls to Sidab road, 1967

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IMAGE 6.9 Muscat Market outside of the walls to Sidab road, 1967

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IMAGE 6.10

Palace Bayt Al-Alam, Muscat, 1908

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IMAGE 6.10 Palace Bayt Al-Alam, Muscat, 1908

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IMAGE 6.11

Muttrah’s fishmarket, 1968

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IMAGE 6.11 Muttrah’s fishmarket, 1968

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IMAGE 6.12

Muscat, 1950

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IMAGE 6.12 Muscat, 1950

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IMAGE 6.13

Muscat’s Khawr Jetty, 1967

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IMAGE 6.13 Muscat’s Khawr Jetty, 1967

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IMAGE 6.14

Muttrah’s waterfront to the east and Muttrah Fort, 1969

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IMAGE 6.14 Muttrah’s waterfront to the east and Muttrah Fort, 1969

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FIGURE 6.10

Timeline of Muscat and Oman Muscat entered the transitionary period from the historic past to the modern times only in 1970, when Sultan Qaboos became the ruler of Oman. The transitionary period lasted a decade, until 1980, during which the master plan for Muscat was drawn up (1970), the first modern school was opened (1971), the design for the Muscat International Airport was initiated (1973), a major five-year development plan for roads and infrastructure was launched (1976), and the establishment of the National Statistics Institute (1977). Muscat is an example where the discovery of oil and the subsequent oil revenue did not immediately bring modernization to the city; rather, the social dimensions needed to change before the physical form and function of the city could follow.

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FIGURE 6.10 Timeline of Muscat and Oman Muscat entered the transitionary period from the historic past to the modern times only in 1970, when Sultan Qaboos became the ruler of Oman. The transitionary period lasted a decade, until 1980, during which the master plan for Muscat was drawn up (1970), the first modern school was opened (1971), the design for the Muscat International Airport was initiated (1973), a major five-year development plan for roads and infrastructure was launched (1976), and the establishment of the National Statistics Institute (1977). Muscat is an example where the discovery of oil and the subsequent oil revenue did not immediately bring modernization to the city; rather, the social dimensions needed to change before the physical form and function of the city could follow.

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FIGURE 6.11

Pre-oil economic status

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FIGURE 6.11 Pre-oil economic status

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FIGURE 6.12

Regional and subregional imports and exports

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FIGURE 6.12 Regional and subregional imports and exports

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FIGURE 6.13

Pre-oil shipping industry

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FIGURE 6.13 Pre-oil shipping industry

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IMAGE 6.15

Satellite image of the Omani coast

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IMAGE 6.15 Satellite image of the Omani coast

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IMAGE 6.16

Aerial image of the Omani coastline, showing Qaboos Port and surroundings

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IMAGE 6.16 Aerial image of the Omani coastline, showing Qaboos Port and surroundings

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FIGURE 6.14

Edge topography

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FIGURE 6.14 Edge topography

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FIGURE 6.15

Surface flow and wadis

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FIGURE 6.15 Surface flow and wadis

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FIGURE 6.16

Date plantation and falaj system

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FIGURE 6.16 Date plantation and falaj system

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FIGURE 6.17

Urban settlements and connections

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FIGURE 6.17 Urban settlements and connections

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FIGURE 6.18

Elevation

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FIGURE 6.18 Elevation

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IMAGE 6.17

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IMAGE 6.17

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FIGURE 6.19

Evolution of the urban form

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FIGURE 6.19 Evolution of the urban form

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FIGURE 6.20

City evolution index

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FIGURE 6.20 City evolution index

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FIGURE 6.21

Area growth versus population growth

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FIGURE 6.21 Area growth versus population growth

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FIGURE 6.22

Seafront versus city perimeter

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FIGURE 6.22 Seafront versus city perimeter

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FIGURE 6.23

Urban growth, 1860–1974

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FIGURE 6.23 Urban growth, 1860–1974

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FIGURE 6.24

Evolution of the coastline

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FIGURE 6.24 Evolution of the coastline

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FIGURE 6.25

Land reclamation

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FIGURE 6.25 Land reclamation

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FIGURE 6.26

Sea and land accessibilities

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FIGURE 6.26 Sea and land accessibilities

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FIGURE 6.27

Water resources Data not available for Muttrah region

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FIGURE 6.27 Water resources Data not available for Muttrah region

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FIGURE 6.28

Falaj water distribution

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FIGURE 6.28 Falaj water distribution

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IMAGE 6.18

A scene in one of Muscat’s gardens in 1910

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IMAGE 6.18 A scene in one of Muscat’s gardens in 1910

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FIGURE 6.29

Schematic representation of a draw well

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FIGURE 6.29 Schematic representation of a draw well

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IMAGE 6.19

A typical streetside falaj

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IMAGE 6.19 A typical streetside falaj

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IMAGE 6.20

Falaj Al-Tanuf

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IMAGE 6.20 Falaj Al-Tanuf

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IMAGE 6.21

Traditional falaj

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IMAGE 6.21 Traditional falaj

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FIGURE 6.30

Urban components Muscat: Points of reference are concentrated in the core of the city, the ruler’s district. Muttrah: Points of reference are dispersed along the city with higher concentration along the seafront.

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FIGURE 6.30 Urban components Muscat: Points of reference are concentrated in the core of the city, the ruler’s district. Muttrah: Points of reference are dispersed along the city with higher concentration along the seafront.

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FIGURE 6.31

City points of reference, 1974

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FIGURE 6.31 City points of reference, 1974

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FIGURE 6.32

Road network

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FIGURE 6.32 Road network

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FIGURE 6.33

Domestic distances

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FIGURE 6.33 Domestic distances

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FIGURE 6.34

‘Arish and masonry buildings, 1974

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FIGURE 6.34 ‘Arish and masonry buildings, 1974

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IMAGE 6.22

Construction of a barasti structure in the 1960s

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IMAGE 6.22 Construction of a barasti structure in the 1960s

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IMAGE 6.23

‘Arish structure

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IMAGE 6.23 ‘Arish structure

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IMAGE 6.24

Barasti dwellings

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IMAGE 6.24 Barasti dwellings

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FIGURE 6.35

Neighbourhood classification

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FIGURE 6.35 Neighbourhood classification

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FIGURE 6.36

Neighbourhood analysis

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FIGURE 6.36 Neighbourhood analysis

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IMAGE 6.25

Muscat, 1971

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IMAGE 6.25 Muscat, 1971

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IMAGE 6.26

Seafront, late 1960s

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IMAGE 6.26 Seafront, late 1960s

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IMAGE 6.27

General view of Muscat, late 1960s

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IMAGE 6.27 General view of Muscat, late 1960s

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IMAGE 6.28

General view of Muscat, with Fort Mirani to right in the distance

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IMAGE 6.28 General view of Muscat, with Fort Mirani to right in the distance

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FIGURE 6.37

Souqs of Muscat and Muttrah

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FIGURE 6.37 Souqs of Muscat and Muttrah

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IMAGE 6.29

Muttrah, 1950s-60s

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IMAGE 6.29 Muttrah, 1950s-60s

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IMAGE 6.30

Muscat, about 1870

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IMAGE 6.30 Muscat, about 1870

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FIGURE 6.38

The souq’s relation to the city

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FIGURE 6.38 The souq’s relation to the city

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FIGURE 6.39

The souqs and the road network

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FIGURE 6.39 The souqs and the road network

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FIGURE 6.40

The souq’s ratio to city area

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FIGURE 6.40 The souq’s ratio to city area

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FIGURE 6.41

The souq’s relation to residential areas

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FIGURE 6.41 The souq’s relation to residential areas

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FIGURE 6.42

Souq Muttrah: Configuration and bordering context

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FIGURE 6.42 Souq Muttrah: Configuration and bordering context

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FIGURE 6.43

Activities zoning in Souq Muttrah

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FIGURE 6.43 Activities zoning in Souq Muttrah

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FIGURE 6.44

Roofed pathways in Souq Muttrah

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FIGURE 6.44 Roofed pathways in Souq Muttrah

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FIGURE 6.45

Economical models

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FIGURE 6.45 Economical models

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Untitled

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IMAGE 6.31

Aerial view of Sur Al-Lawatiya, Muttrah

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IMAGE 6.31 Aerial view of Sur Al-Lawatiya, Muttrah

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FIGURE 6.46

Neighbourhood identification and character

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FIGURE 6.46 Neighbourhood identification and character

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FIGURE 6.47

Neighbourhood analysis

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FIGURE 6.47 Neighbourhood analysis

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Untitled

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FIGURE 6.48

Neighbourhood analysis

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FIGURE 6.48 Neighbourhood analysis

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FIGURE 6.49

Urban textures of Sur Al-Lawatiya, Muttrah

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FIGURE 6.49 Urban textures of Sur Al-Lawatiya, Muttrah

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Untitled

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FIGURE 6.50

Identification of units

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FIGURE 6.50 Identification of units

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FIGURE 6.51

Residence complex: Nadir House (1), Muzna House (2), and Al-Budinah School (3) Ground floor plan of the complex

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FIGURE 6.51 Residence complex: Nadir House (1), Muzna House (2), and Al-Budinah School (3) Ground floor plan of the complex

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IMAGE 6.32

The façade of Nadir House

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IMAGE 6.32 The façade of Nadir House

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FIGURE 6.52

Elevations of Nadir House

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FIGURE 6.52 Elevations of Nadir House

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IMAGE 6.33

Main doorway to Nadir House

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IMAGE 6.33 Main doorway to Nadir House

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FIGURE 6.53

Nadir House: 3D projection

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FIGURE 6.53 Nadir House: 3D projection

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FIGURE 6.54

Elevations of Muzna House and Al-Budinah School

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FIGURE 6.54 Elevations of Muzna House and Al-Budinah School

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IMAGE 6.34

The interior courtyard, showing stone semicircular arches on the ground floor and the first-floor gallery with wrought-iron parapet

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IMAGE 6.34 The interior courtyard, showing stone semicircular arches on the ground floor and the first-floor gallery with wrought-iron parapet

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FIGURE 6.55

Plans and elevations

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FIGURE 6.55 Plans and elevations

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FIGURE 6.56

Plans and elevations

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FIGURE 6.56 Plans and elevations

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FIGURE 6.57

Quriyat Fort: 3D projection

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FIGURE 6.57 Quriyat Fort: 3D projection

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IMAGE 6.35

Main entrance to Quriyat Fort

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IMAGE 6.35 Main entrance to Quriyat Fort

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IMAGE 6.36

View of the battlements

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IMAGE 6.36 View of the battlements

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IMAGE 6.37

A corridor in Quriyat Fort

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IMAGE 6.37 A corridor in Quriyat Fort

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FIGURE 6.58

Configuration analysis

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FIGURE 6.58 Configuration analysis

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FIGURE 6.59

Visibility Graph

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FIGURE 6.59 Visibility Graph

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FIGURE 6.60

Justified Permeability Graph

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FIGURE 6.60 Justified Permeability Graph

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FIGURE 6.61

Shading analysis

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FIGURE 6.61 Shading analysis

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FIGURE 6.62

Daylighting analysis

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FIGURE 6.62 Daylighting analysis

oa Muscat and Muttrah

الأشكال

جداول

Table 1

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