oa The Eternal Feminine in Sufism: readings of Ibn ‘Arabī and Emir Abd el-Kader

While Ibn ‘Arabī is known as the “greatest master” of the spirituality and esotericism of Islam, the Emir Abd el-Kader is better known for his uprising against the French occupation, between 1832 and 1847. Yet, he was brought up in a Sufi environment and always declared that his spiritual vocation came before all else. This article explores the symbolism of the Feminine in the metaphysical and mystical teachings of these two Sufi sages.