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Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings Volume 2016 Issue 1
- Conference date: 22-23 Mar 2016
- Location: Qatar National Convention Center (QNCC), Doha, Qatar
- Volume number: 2016
- Published: 21 March 2016
381 - 400 of 656 results
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The Role of circRNA on EMT Induced Ovarian Cancer Cells
More LessCircular RNA (circRNA) represent a large class of noncoding RNAs that were previously considered as possible artifacts of abnormal RNA splicing, however, recent studies has shown that circRNA play an important role in regulating gene expression in mammals. Unlike linear RNAs, the downstream 5’ (splice donor) and upstream 3’ (splice acceptor) join together to form a closed continuous loop and this is one of the way Read More
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Deconstructing Olfaction with Transcriptomics: From Whole Tissue to Single-Cells, and from Zebrafish to Humans
Mammals can perceive myriad odorous molecules based on their perceived smell. It is estimated that humans can discriminate ∼10,000–1 trillion different odours. In animals, the olfactory system can also detect specific odorants that can elicit changes in behaviour and/or physiology. Thus, from identifying kin, food sources and sexually receptive mates to avoiding predation and disease, appropriate perception of environme Read More
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Intracellular Calcium in Development and Treatment of Neuroblastoma
Authors: Dietrich Büsselberg and Noothan Jyothi SatheeshNeuroblastoma, a type of solid malignant tumour diagnosed during infancy represents around 10% of all paediatric cancers, marking it as the second most common paediatric cancer. It is identified as a highly heterogeneous tumour that varies from persistent progression to a spontaneous progression. Development of neuroblast masses occur mostly in abdomen (65%), chest (20%), neck (5%) or pelvis (5%) and is classified Read More
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Women's Representation in Clinical Research in State of Qatar – Findings from PERCEPTIONS Study
Authors: Hiba Tohid, Sahar Agouba, Lina Ahmed, Hoda Gad, Abdi Aden, Sopna Choudhury, Odette Chagoury and Shahrad TaheriObjective To explore the trends in clinical research participation of women living in State of Qatar. Background Women's participation in clinical studies has been a dilemma for the researchers worldwide as they have been ‘under represented’ in research [1]. This is particularly of concern when findings specific to females for any disease are extracted from a study that has males recruited in majority [1]. Although studies h Read More
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Big Data as the Foundation of a Novel Training Platform for Biomedical Researchers in Qatar
Authors: Darawan Rinchai, Sabri Boughorbel and Damien ChaussabelBackground Technological breakthroughs witnessed over the past decade have led to an explosive increase in molecular profiling capabilities. This has ushered a new “data-rich era” for biomedical researchers. Indeed the recent availability of vast compendia of biomedical “Big Data” offers unique opportunities to devise novel approaches to knowledge discovery. We have launched an innovative “Collective Data to Knowledg Read More
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Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing for Molecular Diagnosis of Non-Syndromic Hearing Loss in Qatar
Background Sequencing technologies have grown exponentially in recent years resulting in next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms which are more efficient in terms of biochemistry, time and cost. NGS is particularly applicable to highly heterogeneous diseases such as non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL). Currently, more than 80 genes are clinically relevant and are known to cause hearing loss in humans (Vona B et al., Read More
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Inferring Regional and Temporal Eating Habits from Social Media Images
Authors: Yusuf Aytar, Antonio Torralba, Mehmet Efe Akengin, Ingmar Weber, Ferda Ofli and Raji AlhammouriUnderstanding population level food consumption, which has considerable influence on population health, is a major challenge. For instance, obesity, which is particularly pressing in the Gulf region, is largely driven by changes in food consumption. Many other widespread diseases, such as diabetes, heart disease, and high blood pressure, are directly or indirectly affected by eating habits. Understanding food consumption g Read More
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GATE Simulation of Philips TF PET Scanner
Authors: Maya Abi Akl, Othmane Bouhali and Yassine ToufiquePositron Emission Tomography (PET) is a noninvasive imaging technique used for the diagnosis and assessment of many diseases, particularly cancer. It relies on positron emitting radioisotopes to analyze the tissues and organs functions. A PET scanner consists of a set of detectors surrounding the patient that will detect coincident gamma annihilation photons originating from the β^+ decay of the radiopharmaceuti Read More
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Seasonal Variation in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in a Desert Climate: A Report from Qatar
Background Respiratory viruses have a predictable seasonality, which varies regionally. The reason for such seasonality is not well known yet, but atmospheric factors such as high humidity and temperature may assist virus survival in small particle droplets or aerosols, and on infected surfaces. Objective The goal of the study was to determine the seasonal variation in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in a deser Read More
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A Novel Spatial-Domain Denoising Scheme for DoFP Polarimetric Image Sensors
Authors: Xiaojin Zhao, Xiao Wang, Xin Lu, Xiaofang Pan and Amine BermakSummary In this paper, we present a novel spatial-domain denoising algorithm and directly apply it to the mosaicked Stokes sub-images generated by the division-of-focal-plane (DoFP) polarimetric image sensors. Compared to the previous implementations with the generated raw polarization images directly interpolated and demosaicked, the proposed method not only leads to significant noise reduction, but also effectively de Read More
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An Interpolation-Based Stokes Image Reconstruction Scheme for DoFP Polarization Image Sensors
Authors: Xiaojin Zhao, Xin Lu, Xiao Wang, Xiaofang Pan and Amine BermakSummary In this paper, we present a novel interpolation-based Stokes image reconstruction scheme for the division-of-focal-plane (DoFP) polarization image sensors. Different from the previous implementations, our proposed method first demosaics the raw image by mainstream interpolation algorithms then converts the up-sampled images to Stokes images with much richer polarization-related physical informati Read More
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Human c-MYBPC3 RNA Targeted Therapy, Reversal of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in the Zebrafish Model
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a serious heart disease and is defined as abnormal left ventricular (LV) wall thickening with diastolic dysfunction. HCM is an autosomal dominant monogenic disease caused by a mutation in 1 of 13 or more genes encoding protein components of sarcomere (i.e. sarcomere is the subunit for muscle tissue). The myosin binding protein C (MYBPC) encoded by mybpc3 gene, a key con Read More
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Molecular and Structural Changes in Induced-Brain Stroke Tissue Using FTIR Imaging Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron and Atomic Force Microscopy
Authors: Mohamed H Ali, Khalid A Al-Saad, Eman M Fayyed, Anton Popelka, Md F Rakib and Carmen M Ali1. Background Stroke, i.e. loss of brain function(s) due to disturbance in the blood supply to the brain, is the main cause of adult disability (e.g. paralysis) in the world, leaving more than half of the patients dependent on daily assistance. In Qatar, stroke is a major health problem with an estimated incidence of 238/100,000 per year for the population over 45 years old [1]. Stroke patients are often hospitalized and/or subje Read More
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Static and Dynamic Retinal Vessel Analyses in Patients with Stroke as Compared to Healthy Control Subjects
Authors: Nandu Goswami, Stefan Palkovits, Laura Pertl, Markus Kneihsl, Patrick Deboever, Franz Fazekas and Martin WegerBackground Several risk factors for developing stroke have been described previously and the vast majority concerns the vascular system and its adjacent organs. The microcirculatory bed of the retina shares similar anatomical and physiological characteristics with the cerebral and coronary circulations. Therefore, structural changes in the retinal blood vessels can mirror cardio- and cerebrovascular events. In addition, dyna Read More
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Thymidylate Kinases as Potential Anti-Cancer and Antibiotic Drug Targets
By Gordon RuleThymidylate kinases (TMKs) play a central role in the production of nucleotide precursors that are required for the replication of DNA. Consequently, this enzyme is a potential drug target for the discovery of anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-parasitic drugs. In addition, TMKs are also involved in the activation of prodrugs. In particular, the anti-HIV drug AZT is activated by human TMK (huTMK) and the low efficienc Read More
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Analysis of Advanced AQ System – Z1® for Sustainable Food Supply in Qatar
More LessThis paper presents a new generation of sustainable, secured, multifunctional and self-supported Aquaponics Greenhouse System, vegetable and fish production with limited use of land, environmentally friendly and water & energy & natural resources high efficiency system. AQ System – Z1® is based on high advanced Green technologies and methodologies, and tightly related to the Qatar comprehensive National Progress AQ Read More
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Inhibition of p90 Ribosomal S6 Kinase Attenuates Cell Migration and Proliferation of the Human Lung Adenocarcinoma through Phospho-GSK-3b and Osteopontin
Background Lung cancer is the second most common cancer in both men and women and it is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Lung cancer can be divided into two broad categories: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which consists of about 85% of all lung cancers and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), which account for 15% of all lung cancers. The evolution of lung cancer is a multistep process involving genetic and Read More
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Monitoring Quality of Life in Child, Teenage & Young Adult (CTYA) Cancer Care
Authors: Jon Perkins, A Al Saied, Hisham Morsi, Holly Clark, Azza Hassan and Elias AlemayehuCancer patient survival has steadily increased following treatment over the last 50 years. However, treatments like radiation or chemotherapy are damaging to human health and result in a wide range of negative side effects. Cranial radiation for example, causes an array of cognitive deficits such as verbal intelligence decline or slower processing speed.1 These types of problems can manifest for years post treatment and cau Read More
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Defining genetic modulators of intratumoral immune response in breast cancer through a system biology approach
Breast cancer is the most common type of tumor in women in the MENA region and it represents about 20% of the cancers diagnosed every year in Qatar. Although the implementation of cancer therapy has led to an improvement of patients' survival, metastatic breast cancer remains an incurable condition. Immunotherapy is emerging as an innovative therapeutic tool able to cure in some cases established metastatic tu Read More
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Utility of Depression Screening Among Pregnant Women in Qatar
Authors: Madeeha Nasir and Margaret AltemusMajor depression during pregnancy is associated with significant morbidity for the mother and her offspring, so screening for depression is recommended during pregnancy. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is widely use for screening during pregnancy, but has not been evaluated for this use in any Gulf Arab countries. We administered the EPDS to a multiethnic group of 768 women who were 8-16 weeks Read More
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