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Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings Volume 2016 Issue 1
- Conference date: 22-23 Mar 2016
- Location: Qatar National Convention Center (QNCC), Doha, Qatar
- Volume number: 2016
- Published: 21 March 2016
341 - 360 of 656 results
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Studies in the Use of Blood Outgrowth Endothelial Cells to Populate Polycaprolactone Scaffolds for Therapies in Human Heart Valve Disease.
Authors: Isra Marei, Ivan Carubelli, Daniel M Reed, Najma Latif, Magdi H Yacoub, Jane A Mitchell and Adrian H ChesterBackground Endothelial cells line blood vessels and the heart where they release cardio-protective hormones that prevent thrombosis. Available replacements to treat heart valve diseases are limited by the lack of the endothelial cell layer, making them susceptible to calcification and thrombosis, which limits utility and increases the need for multiple replacements[1]. A suggested solution is to adapt tissue engineering t Read More
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De Novo Duplication 7p21.1p22.2 in Autism Spectrum Disorder with Craniofacial Dysmorphism
More LessThe duplication of short arm of chromosome 7 as de novo is extremely rare. Its phenotype spectrum varies depending on the region of duplication. We report a case of de novo duplication of chromosomal region 7p21.1p22.2 in a 3-year-old male child with autism. The patient was diagnosed with craniofacial dysmorphism, global developmental delay, hypotonia and bilateral cryptorchidism. This was detected by conventional G-ban Read More
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Can Prepubertal Cytogenetic Diagnosis Improve Fertility and Quality of Life in Klinefelter Patients? Observations from Omani Population
More LessKlinefelter Syndrome (KS) was first described 73 years ago. Surprisingly KS yet remains underdiagnosed in the population. Lack of awareness about symptoms and the guidelines of KS diagnosis among paediatricians and General Practitioners (GP) could be the main reason. Failing to perform a thorough physical examination, not considering or unable to get cytogenetic confirmation on suspected patients are causative factors fo Read More
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Capturing the International Diversity of Pharmacists at Sidra Medical and Research Center and their Integration into the Qatar Community
Authors: Anish Patel, Maria Paiva and Hazar AlnifaidyIntroduction Sidra Medical and Research Center (SMRC) is a green field ultramodern academic tertiary care hospital, which will bring a new model of integrated patient care to the women and children of Qatar, the Gulf region, and beyond. This model is based on North American standards and practices. SMRC encompasses three essential missions: world-class patient care, medical education, and biomedical research. To deliver Read More
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Calcium and Phosphate Intake May Influence Bone Remodeling Marker in Hemodialysis Patients
Background Vascular calcification and increased mortality is now well linked in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Among the inhibitors and promoters of calcium-phosphate and bone metabolism, we studied Sclerostin, a glycoprotein mainly expressed by osteocytes, involved in regulating bone formation by inhibiting Wnt–β-catenin signaling. Studies demonstrated, in experimental CDK animal model, a positive association betwee Read More
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Evaluation of a Mobile Social Networking Application for Glycaemic Control and Diabetes Knowledge in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial Using WhatsApp
Authors: Turki M Alanzi, Sulaiman Bah, Fatima Jaber, Sirah Alshammari and Sarah AlzahraniBackground and objectives Diabetes mellitus is considered one of the most common chronic diseases affecting adult population worldwide, particularly the Middle East. According to recent statistics, Saudi Arabia is ranked as the seventh highest prevalence of diabetes in the world and the first highest prevalence in the MENA region with 3.8 million cases. In parallel, more than 60% of Saudi population is using the Interne Read More
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Altered Gray Matter Volume and Structural Connectivity in Pediatric Cirrhotic
Introduction Cirrhosis is an abnormal liver condition, mainly caused by viral hepatitis B or C, fatty liver diseases and alcoholism. Ascites is common complication of cirrhosis, associated with poor quality of life, abnormal cognitive functions, increased work disability and increased risk of infection, consequently development of hepatic encephalopathy1. Studies have suggested that inflammation caused by secondary infection with h Read More
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Ace2 Gene Therapy Inhibits Chronic Biliary Fibrosis in Mice
More LessBackground The cholangiopathies or cholestatic liver diseases comprise a large group of conditions in which injury is primarily focussed on the biliary system. They include both congenital diseases such as biliary atresia and cystic fibrosis, and acquired diseases including primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), and secondary damage to the biliary tree from obstruction, cholangitis or ischaemi Read More
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Q-Learning Based Closed-Loop Control of Anesthesia Administration by Accounting for Hemodynamic Parameter Variations
Authors: Nader Meskin, Regina Padmanabhan and Wassim HaddadCritically ill patients in the intensive care units (ICUs) are often in acutely disturbed state of mind characterized by restlessness, illusions, and nervousness. Such patients, for instance, those who are mechanically ventilated may incur difficulties during treatment procedures such as endotracheal tube intubation/extubation. Apart from critical illness, treatment induced delirium may cause them to dislodge themselves Read More
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Desert Microalgae: Potential Source for Food Security in Qatar
Authors: Rihab Rasheed, Tasneem Dalgamouni, Imen Saadaoui and Hareb Al JabriMicro algae are a diverse group of aquatic, photosynthetic organisms which are the primary food source for many crustaceans, molluscs and fish species occurring naturally in the marine food chain. In the recent past, micro algae have shown great importance as food supplements not just for the marine Eco system but for the cattle - poultry feed stocks as well as the human beings. Micro algae render most of the essential nut Read More
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CD4+T Cells Are Programmed to Differentiate Before Entry into Division
Authors: Nicholas Van Panhuys, Douglas Palmer and Ronald GermainIn order to provide a protective host response to a vast array of invading pathological microorganisms the ability of naïve CD4+T cells to differentiate into discrete effector subsets, each able to mediate specific aspects of immunity is a central tenet of the adaptive immune response. T helper (Th) 1 cells mediate protection against intracellular pathogens, such as bacterial and viral infections, whereas Th2 cells mediate p Read More
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OFD1 Missense Mutation Causes an Autosomal Recessive Dyskeratosis Congenita-Like Disorder Further Complicating the Clinical Heterogeneity of OFD1 Mutations
Authors: Marios Kambouris, Hibah Shaath, Abeer Fadda, Yasser Al-Sarraj, Sara Tomei, Wang Ena and Hatem El-ShantiA consanguineous [first cousin marriage] family of Arabic ethnic origin with four unaffected siblings and two male siblings affected by a Dyskeratosis Congenita-like disorder, was studied by Genome-Wide SNP homozygosity mapping, functional and positional candidate gene screening by Sanger sequencing, and Whole Genome Sequencing [WGS] to identify the offending gene and mutation. The disorder is marked by sh Read More
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Differential Responsiveness to Braf Inhibitors of Melanoma Cell Lines Braf V600e-Mutated
Background Melanoma is an aggressive neoplasm characterized by a complex etiology. Several molecular alterations occur during melanoma progression. The most commonly mutated pathway is the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)/ERK cascade. The activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling occurs either through gain-of-function mutations in BRAF and NRAS gene or through autocrine growth factor stimulation. Docu Read More
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Putative Relation Between Autism Spectrum Disease & Hereditary Multiple Exostosis Investigated by Whole Genome Sequencing & Comparative Genome Analyses in a Family with ASD and HME with EXT-1 Mutations
Authors: Marios Kambouris, Abeer Fadda, Yasser Al-Sarraj, Dina Ahram, Sara Tomei, Ena Wang and Hatem El-ShantiA family with two male children affected with ASD and HME as well as an unaffected female child, was studied to identify the Genetic basis of ASD in the family and the possible relation between ASD & HME. Irie et al., [PNAS, 109: 5052–5056, 2012] reported that Heparan Sulfate deficient mice due to inactivating EXT-1 mutations exhibit Autism-like socio-communicative deficits and stereotypies suggesting a relation between MH Read More
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Monoallelic Expression in Melanoma
Background Monoallelic expression (MAE) is a frequent genomic phenomenon in normal tissues, however its role in cancer is yet to be fully understood. MAE is defined as the expression of a gene that is restricted to one allele in the presence of a diploid heterozygous genome. Constitutive MAE occur for imprinted genes, odorant receptors and random X inactivation. Several studies in normal tissues have showe Read More
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An Experimental Approach for Studying the Effects of Environmental Factors on Brain Circulation
More LessThe main function of the circulatory system is to circulate blood in vessels. Formation of blood clots adversely affects blood flow and may cause stoppage if a vessel is blocked. Damage to brain cells results when blood flow stops – as there would be no oxygen or glucose delivered. Damage to brain cells is irreversible – thus, it is crucial that brain circulation would be intact and normally-functioning. Experimental work involved s Read More
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Comparison of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Metabolically Healthy and Pathologically Obese Arabs and Caucasians
Background Obesity related diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease have become major health problems. Inappropriate insulin production and dyslipidemia are commonly associated with obesity. It is multifactorial and heterogeneous in origin. While 60–80% of obese subjects are insulin resistant (IR) and rapidly develop metabolic diseases, called pathologically obese (PO), a pro Read More
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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma Gondii Among Stray Cats in Qatar
Authors: Sonia Boughattas, Aarti Sharma and Marawan Abu-MadiToxoplasmosis is the most widespread infection worldwide due to the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. The protozoan is a ubiquitous pathogen of warm-blooded animals, including man. In man it is responsible for fetal damage and is a common cause of death in acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients, and is therefore considered as a major zoonosis (Dubey 1994). The infection has become a serious public health pro Read More
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The Role of C-Terminus Cytosolic Domain in the Mechanism of ORAI1 Trafficking and Internalization During Oocyte Maturation
Authors: Maya Dib, Rawad Hodeify and Khaled MachacaStore-operated calcium entry (SOCE) is a ubiquitous Ca2+ influx pathway essential for many physiological functions and failure to maintain normal calcium homeostasis is one of the leading causes of cellular dysfunction in a wide variety of pathological conditions. Orai1, a key regulator of SOCE, constitutively recycles at steady state in the frog oocyte and internalizes into intracellular vesicular compartments during meiosis, leadin Read More
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Inhibition of Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Aggregation in Type 2 Diabetes by Hsp70 Molecular Chaperones
Authors: Moncef Ladjimi, Ali Chaari and David EliezerProtein misfolding, aggregation and amyloid formation play an important role in more than 30 different human diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is an age-dependent progressive disorder that represents 90% of all diabetes cases. Two major hormones are involved in diabetes and secreted in the β-cell pancreatic islet of Langerhans: insulin and Islet Amyloid PolyPeptide (IAPP o Read More
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