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Qatar Foundation Annual Research Forum Volume 2013 Issue 1
- Conference date: 24-25 Nov 2013
- Location: Qatar National Convention Center (QNCC), Doha, Qatar
- Volume number: 2013
- Published: 20 November 2013
61 - 80 of 541 results
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Cytochrome P450 Enzymes And Their Role In Diabetic Nephropathy: A Novel Mechanistic Pathway Leading To Kidney Complications
More LessBy Assaad EidDiabetic nephropathy (DN), a serious complication of diabetes, is characterized by hyperfiltration, hypertrophy, extracellular matrix accumulation, fibrosis and proteinuria leading to loss of renal function. In renal hypertrophy, tubules increase in size and accumulate extracellular matrix and are also associated with alterations in renal sodium handling as well as hypertension; processes linked by involvement of the arachidonic aci Read More
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Targeting pro-apoptotic protein BAD inhibits survival and self-renewal of cancer stem cells
More LessBackground: Accumulating evidence suggests that the resistance of cancer stem cells (CSC) to many conventional therapies accounts for the inability of these therapies to cure cancers. Current cancer therapies can only shrink tumors as they target and kill differentiated tumor cells that constitute the bulk of the tumor, but are unable to target rare CSC population. Thus, despite a wealth of the information in differentiated Read More
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The role of microRNAs miR-221/222 in eNOS signalling and type 2 diabetes
More LessBackground and Aim: The prevalence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) has doubled in the last three decades and is still rising at an alarming rate, thereby posing a major challenge to global health. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short RNAs, which play an important role in regulating physiological processes in diabetes. These small RNAs post-transcriptionally suppress mRNA target expression and, therefore, modulation of specific Read More
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Role of calreticulin in store-operated Ca entry (SOCE)
More LessBy Awab IbrahimTitle: Role of Calreticulin in Store-operated Ca entry (SOCE) Authors: Satanay Hubrack, Awab Ibrahim, Hamid Massaeli, Nasrin Mesaeli, Khaled Machaca. Abstract: Calreticulin is a pervasive protein that is mainly found within the ER. It has been linked to many cellular functions including Ca2+ storage and signaling along with protein folding. Here we use mouse embryonic fibroblasts, both wild type (WT) and knockouts (KO) not Read More
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Insulin resistance alters noradrenergic sensitivity of omental vessels from morbidly obese Qataris
More LessBackground: Expanding adipose tissue in obesity requires effective angiogenesis and vasoreactivity to combat hypoxia and its consequences, such as insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes. While recent evidence suggests that the adipose tissue is highly angiogenic and inflammed, the tissue arteriolar vasoreactivity has been less investigated. As a consequence of the inflammation the omental adipose tissue (OAT) also synthe Read More
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Major Histocompatibility Complex Genes Of The Dromedary Camel
More LessThe Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is a genetic region involved in many aspects of immune responses, including the processing and presentation of antigenic peptides to T cells. The MHC, which spans approximately 4 million base pairs, is gene dense and contains many duplicated, highly polymorphic genes, particularly those encoding the MHC class I and class II molecules. Evidence for increased fitness Read More
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Stakeholder' perspectives on optimal recruitment and retention strategies for health human resources in primary health care centers
More LessPurpose The first stage of this QNRF funded study includes a series of key informants' interviews with stakeholders in the PHC sector in Lebanon and Qatar to formulate an understanding of the recruitment and retention strategies of health human resources (HHR) and understand the obstacles and challenges that they face. This abstract reports on the findings obtained in Lebanon, as data collection remains ongoing in Read More
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Modulation of α-synuclein aggregation by the 70 kDa heat shock protein and its various domains
More LessBy Ali ChaariMolecular chaperones assist in maintenance of functional proteome in vivo and represent the first line of defense against protein misfolding and aggregation in the case of protein misfolding disease. The influence of the stress-induced protein Hsp70 on alpha synuclein aggregation, the primary component of Lewy body's involvement in Parkinson's disease, has been notably investigated. We present in this paper, the in vi Read More
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In-vitro assembly of a sickle cell haemoglobin intermediate to mimic wild-type characteristics
More LessSickle Cell Anaemia is an, autosomal, genetically-inherited, blood disorder, arising due to a point mutation in the bases coding for the sixth amino-acid of the β-chain of haemoglobin. The effects of the mutation begin to play role at the event of translation; during which the mutated haemoglobin (HbS) is synthesised. Here a hydrophobic protein residue (valine) is incorporated at the position of a hydrophilic residue (gl Read More
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Home-Based Rehabilitation Systems
More LessWith the goal to enhance easily accessible telehealth infrastructure, we demonstrate an in-house and cost effective solution to enable rehabilitation that can provide a simple alternative for conventional therapeutic methods. We also test the effectiveness of this system in addressing shoulder rehabilitation by measuring the subjects' reflex reactions through repetitive trials. A commercially-available low-cost camera sensor was Read More
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A Novel De Novo Pstpip1 Mutation In A Boy With Pyogenic Arthritis, Pyoderma Gangrenosum, Acne (Papa) Syndrome
More LessAutoinflammatory disorders are a group of Mendelian disorders characterized by seemingly unprovoked inflammatory bouts without high-titer autoantibodies or antigen-specific T-cells and are probably due to defects in the innate immunity. We here report on a 4-year old Arabic child with the clinical presentation of an autoinflammatory disorder, namely Pyogenic Arthritis, Pyoderma Gangrenosum and Acne (PAPA) syndrom Read More
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Thymoquinone regulates expression of IL-8 and TRAIL receptors, induces apoptosis and suppresses growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma via oxidative stress
More LessHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth most common solid tumor worldwide. The chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) is overexpressed in HCC and is a potential target for therapy. Although the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-?B) regulates IL-8 expression, and while thymoquinone (TQ), the main active constituent of black seed essential oil, inhibits NF-kB activity, the precise mechanisms by which TQ regulates IL-8 e Read More
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Unraveling molecular switches determining cell fate
More LessThe Yamanaka factors (Oct4, sox2, Klf4, cMyc) used to produce induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have become a staple of stem cell biology and ChIP-seq studies have led to an understanding of the genomic landscape of how these as well as other recently discovered factors transduce their effects to form iPSC. A conundrum that previously existed was that the Sox family has high homology and yet various members drive co Read More
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Evaluation of natural polymers with permselective properties aiming at the development of biosensors for the detection of mycotoxins in food
More LessA biosensor combines the specificity of a biological component with the sensitivity of an electrochemical transductor. The variable inhibition showed by aflatoxin and other mycotoxins towards acetyl choline esterase (AChE) can be exploited in a multi-enzyme biosensor design: the more AChE is inhibited by mycotoxins, the less choline is oxidized by choline oxidase (ChO) to betaine aldehyde and H2O2. Hence, the H2O2 oxidation Read More
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Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type? (PTPRG) is down regulated in CML patients at diagnosis and restored upon TKI treatment: Preliminary results
More LessBackground. Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is the most common myeloproliferative disease accounting for ~15% to 20% of all cases of leukemia (1-1.5/100.000 cases per year). It originates from a pluripotent bone marrow stem cell in which a t(9;22) results in the production of BCR/ABL fusion protein which has a constitutive tyrosine kinase activity and deregulates signal transduction pathways. Phosphorylation o Read More
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Knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of patients towards informed consent in Qatar: Early results from semi-structured interviews
More LessBackground and objective: Informed consent procedures widely used in the Western world are not always adapted to regional customs and the expectations of regional patients and their families. This qualitative study is the first step of a larger project aimed at exploring culturally appropriate ways to obtain fully informed, meaningful consent from patients. The current qualitative study's objective is to describe pati Read More
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Impact Of Metabolic Health On Microvascular Endothelial Function In Morbidly Obese Qataris
More LessBy Nelson OrieBackground & objectives: Vascular complications account for much of the morbidity of obesity. The proportion of Qatari population that is overweight or obese is one of the highest in the world. With this comes the increased risk of blood vessel dysfunction and predisposition to type 2 diabetes and hypertension. The vascular endothelium is often the first target of the negative impact of obesity. It is however unclear ho Read More
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Metoclopramide versus ondansetron for the treatment of vomiting in children with acute gastroenteritis: A randomized trial
More LessAbstract Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of ondansetron versus metoclopramide in the treatment of vomiting for acute gastroenteritis in the prehospital setting. Study design: This was a double-blind trial including consecutive patients aged between 1-14 years treated in an urban urgent care setting. A total of 167 children were randomized to receive a single dose of intravenous ondansetron or metoclo Read More
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Use of supplements and alternative medicine practitioners: Perceptions of college students in Qatar
More LessAbstract The use of herbal and nutrition supplements is widespread. It has been reported that about 80% of the world's population use herbal medicines [1, 2, 3, 4]. Very few supplement use studies have been conducted in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and neighboring nations (5,6). Supplement use data among young adults is scarce. In one study aimed at determining the use of supplements among athletes in Qatar Read More
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Optimizing identification of common respiratory pathogens from cystic fibrosis patients using MALDI-TOF MS method
More LessAbstract Background: Early identification of organisms from respiratory specimens of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is important to guide therapeutic decisions. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has emerged as a rapid and powerful tool for routine identification of bacteria. The objective was to identify common bacterial isolates including non-fermenting Gram-negative b Read More
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