oa Dubai and Abu Dhabi
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Chapter
- Authors: Prof. Spiro N. Pollalis and Nader Ardalan
- Source: Gulf Sustainable Urbanism – Past, Volume I , pp 270-381
- Publication Date: December 2018
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5339/GSU.9789927118951_6
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Dubai and Abu Dhabi
Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press) , 270 (2018); https://doi.org/10.5339/GSU.9789927118951_6
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Dubai 2010
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Area: 561 km2
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Population: 1,800,000
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Density: 3,209/km2
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Dubai 2010
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Area: 561 km2
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Population: 1,800,000
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Density: 3,209/km2
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Abu Dhabi 2010
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Area: 561 area: 67,34 km2
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Population: 621,000
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Density: 9,222/km2
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Abu Dhabi 2010
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Area: 561 area: 67,34 km2
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Population: 621,000
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Density: 9,222/km2
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Al-Ain 2010
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Area: 204 km2
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Population: 374,000
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Density: 1,833/km2
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Al-Ain 2010
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Area: 204 km2
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Population: 374,000
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Density: 1,833/km2
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Dubai 1950
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Area: 2.34 km2
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Population: 20,000
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Density: 8,547/km2
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Dubai 1950
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Area: 2.34 km2
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Population: 20,000
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Density: 8,547/km2
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Abu Dhabi 1959
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Area: 561 area: 1,840 km2
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Population: 25,000
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Density: 13,587/km2
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Abu Dhabi 1959
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Area: 561 area: 1,840 km2
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Population: 25,000
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Density: 13,587/km2
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Al-Ain 1948
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Al-Ain 1948
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FIGURE 5.1
Regional map, 1900
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FIGURE 5.1
Regional map, 1900
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FIGURE 5.2
Economic and political timelines
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FIGURE 5.2
Economic and political timelines
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FIGURE 5.3
Outdoor dry bulb temperature
Each column represents one day, each cell represents one hour
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FIGURE 5.3
Outdoor dry bulb temperature
Each column represents one day, each cell represents one hour
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FIGURE 5.4
Wind, humidity, and temperature variation
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FIGURE 5.4
Wind, humidity, and temperature variation
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IMAGE 5.1
Aerial photograph of Dubai, 1950
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IMAGE 5.1
Aerial photograph of Dubai, 1950
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IMAGE 5.2
Aerial photograph of Abu Dhabi, 1950
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IMAGE 5.2
Aerial photograph of Abu Dhabi, 1950
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FIGURE 5.5
Migration
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FIGURE 5.5
Migration
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FIGURE 5.6
Timeline of Dubai
The past-to-present transition period for the city of Dubai starts in the mid-1950s and concludes in the early 1970s, with independence from Great Britain and the formation of the United Arab Emirates. It is important to note that the urban transformation and growth of Dubai started before the discovery of oil, based on the strong commercial and trade hub that existed in the city and bold infrastructure investments from the ruling sheikh. Electricity was introduced in the city during the early 1950s; in the same decade, the first airport was built and the education system was fully modernized. In 1953, the British administrative offices moved to Dubai, and, in 1956, the first building made of concrete was built.
The first master plan for the city was undertaken during the early 1960s by John Harris, and, during the same decade, a residential and hotel industry boom was fueled by growth in trade. In 1961, the international telephone service was established, and, in 1963, the first water pipeline was built. It was only in 1965 that oil was discovered in Dubai, with the first oil exports coming in 1969. In 1970, the new port of Rashid opened and Dubai entered its modern era, with the building of western-style skyscrapers that the city is now famous for.
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FIGURE 5.6
Timeline of Dubai
The past-to-present transition period for the city of Dubai starts in the mid-1950s and concludes in the early 1970s, with independence from Great Britain and the formation of the United Arab Emirates. It is important to note that the urban transformation and growth of Dubai started before the discovery of oil, based on the strong commercial and trade hub that existed in the city and bold infrastructure investments from the ruling sheikh. Electricity was introduced in the city during the early 1950s; in the same decade, the first airport was built and the education system was fully modernized. In 1953, the British administrative offices moved to Dubai, and, in 1956, the first building made of concrete was built.
The first master plan for the city was undertaken during the early 1960s by John Harris, and, during the same decade, a residential and hotel industry boom was fueled by growth in trade. In 1961, the international telephone service was established, and, in 1963, the first water pipeline was built. It was only in 1965 that oil was discovered in Dubai, with the first oil exports coming in 1969. In 1970, the new port of Rashid opened and Dubai entered its modern era, with the building of western-style skyscrapers that the city is now famous for.
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FIGURE 5.7
Timeline of Abu Dhabi
The transition period for Abu Dhabi started later than for Dubai, and in general the Emirate followed a more conservative path in its urban development. Moreover, in contrast with Dubai, the discovery and exploitation of oil occurred before the commencement of urban transformation and growth. Abu Dhabi established its first oil company in 1951 and discovered oil in 1958. The first oil export from the Emirate was in 1962, and the influx of cash flow fueled the subsequent transition to the modern city of Abu Dhabi.
The transition period began in 1960 and ended in 1971, with the formation of the UAE. In 1960, there were major mass-housing projects, and, in that year, the first modern hospital was opened. In 1961, the first desalination plant became operational; and in that decade, major infrastructure works took place, such as road networks, telecommunications, and port facilities. There was also major modernization of social infrastructure and the establishment of modern financial institutions during the late 1960s that continued well into the 1970s.
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FIGURE 5.7
Timeline of Abu Dhabi
The transition period for Abu Dhabi started later than for Dubai, and in general the Emirate followed a more conservative path in its urban development. Moreover, in contrast with Dubai, the discovery and exploitation of oil occurred before the commencement of urban transformation and growth. Abu Dhabi established its first oil company in 1951 and discovered oil in 1958. The first oil export from the Emirate was in 1962, and the influx of cash flow fueled the subsequent transition to the modern city of Abu Dhabi.
The transition period began in 1960 and ended in 1971, with the formation of the UAE. In 1960, there were major mass-housing projects, and, in that year, the first modern hospital was opened. In 1961, the first desalination plant became operational; and in that decade, major infrastructure works took place, such as road networks, telecommunications, and port facilities. There was also major modernization of social infrastructure and the establishment of modern financial institutions during the late 1960s that continued well into the 1970s.
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FIGURE 5.8
Regional and subregional imports and exports
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FIGURE 5.8
Regional and subregional imports and exports
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FIGURE 5.9
Economic model
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FIGURE 5.9
Economic model
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FIGURE 5.10
Pearling and fishing industries,
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FIGURE 5.10
Pearling and fishing industries,
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FIGURE 5.11
Map of the region
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FIGURE 5.11
Map of the region
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FIGURE 5.12
Landscape
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FIGURE 5.12
Landscape
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FIGURE 5.13
Marine habitats and pearling
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FIGURE 5.13
Marine habitats and pearling
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FIGURE 5.14
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FIGURE 5.14
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FIGURE 5.15
Freshwater distribution system
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FIGURE 5.15
Freshwater distribution system
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FIGURE 5.16
Local groundwater flow system
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FIGURE 5.16
Local groundwater flow system
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FIGURE 5.17
Hydrology and freshwater supply: Dubai, 1960
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FIGURE 5.17
Hydrology and freshwater supply: Dubai, 1960
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FIGURE 5.18
Topography profile
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FIGURE 5.18
Topography profile
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FIGURE 5.19
Pearl bank mapping
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FIGURE 5.19
Pearl bank mapping
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FIGURE 5.20
Subregional ecosystem: Abu Dhabi and Al-Ain
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FIGURE 5.20
Subregional ecosystem: Abu Dhabi and Al-Ain
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FIGURE 5.21
Falaj system in Al-Ain
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FIGURE 5.21
Falaj system in Al-Ain
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FIGURE 5.22
Map of the cities and surroundings
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FIGURE 5.22
Map of the cities and surroundings
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.23
Evolution of the urban form: Dubai
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FIGURE 5.23
Evolution of the urban form: Dubai
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FIGURE 5.24
City evolution index: Dubai
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FIGURE 5.24
City evolution index: Dubai
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FIGURE 5.25
City evolution index: Dubai
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FIGURE 5.25
City evolution index: Dubai
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FIGURE 5.26
Seafront versus city perimeter
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FIGURE 5.26
Seafront versus city perimeter
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FIGURE 5.27
City growth, 1822–1960
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FIGURE 5.27
City growth, 1822–1960
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FIGURE 5.28
Transformation of the coastline
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FIGURE 5.28
Transformation of the coastline
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.29
Dubai after engineering works, 1963
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FIGURE 5.29
Dubai after engineering works, 1963
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FIGURE 5.30
Urbanization: water and land interface
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FIGURE 5.30
Urbanization: water and land interface
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.31
Evolution of the coastline and land reclamation
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FIGURE 5.31
Evolution of the coastline and land reclamation
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FIGURE 5.32
Sea and land accessibilities
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FIGURE 5.32
Sea and land accessibilities
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FIGURE 5.33
Aerial photograph of Dubai, 1950s
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FIGURE 5.33
Aerial photograph of Dubai, 1950s
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FIGURE 5.34
City built fabric
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FIGURE 5.34
City built fabric
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FIGURE 5.35
Urban fabric by construction typology
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FIGURE 5.35
Urban fabric by construction typology
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FIGURE 5.36
Urban components: Dubai
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FIGURE 5.36
Urban components: Dubai
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FIGURE 5.37
City points of reference
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FIGURE 5.37
City points of reference
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FIGURE 5.38
Aerial view of Dubai’s souqs and surroundings, 1960
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FIGURE 5.38
Aerial view of Dubai’s souqs and surroundings, 1960
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FIGURE 5.39
Dubai, 1950
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FIGURE 5.39
Dubai, 1950
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FIGURE 5.40
Souq analysis: Dubai
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FIGURE 5.40
Souq analysis: Dubai
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.41
Souq analysis: Dubai
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FIGURE 5.41
Souq analysis: Dubai
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FIGURE 5.42
Dubai’s economical model
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FIGURE 5.42
Dubai’s economical model
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IMAGE 5.3
Deira Souq, 1948
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IMAGE 5.3
Deira Souq, 1948
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FIGURE 5.43
Configuration study: trade structures
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FIGURE 5.43
Configuration study: trade structures
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FIGURE 5.44
Neighbourhood subdivision analysis: Dubai
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FIGURE 5.44
Neighbourhood subdivision analysis: Dubai
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.45
Urban textures: Dubai
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FIGURE 5.45
Urban textures: Dubai
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IMAGE 5.4
Aerial photograph of Al-Bastakiya, 1963
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IMAGE 5.4
Aerial photograph of Al-Bastakiya, 1963
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FIGURE 5.46
Selected neighbourhood: Al-Bastakiya
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FIGURE 5.46
Selected neighbourhood: Al-Bastakiya
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FIGURE 5.47
Neighbourhood analysis: Al-Bastakiya
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FIGURE 5.47
Neighbourhood analysis: Al-Bastakiya
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.48
Neighbourhood analysis: Al-Bastakiya
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FIGURE 5.48
Neighbourhood analysis: Al-Bastakiya
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Untitled
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IMAGE 5.5
Aerial view of Abu Dhabi
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IMAGE 5.5
Aerial view of Abu Dhabi
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IMAGE 5.6
Abu Dhabi island, 1960
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IMAGE 5.6
Abu Dhabi island, 1960
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FIGURE 5.49
Island morphology
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FIGURE 5.49
Island morphology
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FIGURE 5.50
Habitation and modes of transport before oil, 1966
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FIGURE 5.50
Habitation and modes of transport before oil, 1966
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FIGURE 5.51
Pre-oil urbanization: Abu Dhabi, 1959
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FIGURE 5.51
Pre-oil urbanization: Abu Dhabi, 1959
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FIGURE 5.52
Urban fabric, 1959
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FIGURE 5.52
Urban fabric, 1959
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FIGURE 5.53
Land accessibilities
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FIGURE 5.53
Land accessibilities
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.54
Urban components: Abu Dhabi
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FIGURE 5.54
Urban components: Abu Dhabi
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FIGURE 5.55
Neighbourhood subdivision analysis: Abu Dhabi
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FIGURE 5.55
Neighbourhood subdivision analysis: Abu Dhabi
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FIGURE 5.56
Neighbourhood subdivision analysis: Abu Dhabi
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FIGURE 5.56
Neighbourhood subdivision analysis: Abu Dhabi
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FIGURE 5.57
Souq analysis: Abu Dhabi, 1959
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FIGURE 5.57
Souq analysis: Abu Dhabi, 1959
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.58
Trade and workshop spaces
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FIGURE 5.58
Trade and workshop spaces
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FIGURE 5.59
Urban textures: Abu Dhabi
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FIGURE 5.59
Urban textures: Abu Dhabi
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FIGURE 5.60
Landscape of Al-Ain and the location of oases
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FIGURE 5.60
Landscape of Al-Ain and the location of oases
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IMAGE 5.7
Aerial photograph of Al-Ain, 1960
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IMAGE 5.7
Aerial photograph of Al-Ain, 1960
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FIGURE 5.61
Urbanization: Al-Ain
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FIGURE 5.61
Urbanization: Al-Ain
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FIGURE 5.62
Urban components
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FIGURE 5.62
Urban components
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.63
Vegetation and settlements in and around Al-Ain
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FIGURE 5.63
Vegetation and settlements in and around Al-Ain
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IMAGE 5.8
Aerial view of Al-Bastakiya, Dubai
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IMAGE 5.8
Aerial view of Al-Bastakiya, Dubai
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FIGURE 5.64
Identification and documentation of units: Al-Bastakiya, Dubai, 1950
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FIGURE 5.64
Identification and documentation of units: Al-Bastakiya, Dubai, 1950
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FIGURE 5.65
Neighbourhood formation by material used
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FIGURE 5.65
Neighbourhood formation by material used
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Untitled
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.66
Plans and elevations
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FIGURE 5.66
Plans and elevations
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.67
Plans and elevations
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FIGURE 5.67
Plans and elevations
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.68
Plans and elevations
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FIGURE 5.68
Plans and elevations
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.69
Plans and elevations
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FIGURE 5.69
Plans and elevations
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Untitled
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.70
Plan and elevations
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FIGURE 5.70
Plan and elevations
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.71
Plan and elevations
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FIGURE 5.71
Plan and elevations
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FIGURE 5.72
Identification and documentation of units: Abu Dhabi and Al-Ain
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FIGURE 5.72
Identification and documentation of units: Abu Dhabi and Al-Ain
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FIGURE 5.73
Plan and elevations
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig73.gif
FIGURE 5.73
Plan and elevations
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.74
Plan and elevations
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig74.gif
FIGURE 5.74
Plan and elevations
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.75
Plan and elevations
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig75.gif
FIGURE 5.75
Plan and elevations
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FIGURE 5.76
Configuration analysis
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FIGURE 5.76
Configuration analysis
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.77
Floor area ratios
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FIGURE 5.77
Floor area ratios
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.78
Visibility graphs
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig78.gif
FIGURE 5.78
Visibility graphs
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FIGURE 5.79
Visibility Graph Analysis
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig79.gif
FIGURE 5.79
Visibility Graph Analysis
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FIGURE 5.80
Justified Permeability Graphs
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig80.gif
FIGURE 5.80
Justified Permeability Graphs
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FIGURE 5.81
Justified Permeability Graphs
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig81.gif
FIGURE 5.81
Justified Permeability Graphs
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FIGURE 5.82
Shading analysis
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig82.gif
FIGURE 5.82
Shading analysis
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FIGURE 5.83
Shading analysis
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig83.gif
FIGURE 5.83
Shading analysis
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.84
Shading profile
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig84.gif
FIGURE 5.84
Shading profile
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FIGURE 5.85
Daylighting analysis
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig85.gif
FIGURE 5.85
Daylighting analysis
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FIGURE 5.86
Illuminance
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig86.gif
FIGURE 5.86
Illuminance
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FIGURE 5.87
Unit thermal analysis
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig87.gif
FIGURE 5.87
Unit thermal analysis
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FIGURE 5.88
Free running building
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig88.gif
FIGURE 5.88
Free running building
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FIGURE 5.89
Heating and cooling loads
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig89.gif
FIGURE 5.89
Heating and cooling loads
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FIGURE 5.90
Thermal environment
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig90.gif
FIGURE 5.90
Thermal environment
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FIGURE 5.91
Wind driven ventilation
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-fig91.gif
FIGURE 5.91
Wind driven ventilation
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Untitled
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IMAGE 5.9
External and internal views of a wind catcher in a traditional house
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9789927118951/b-9789927118951_005-img9.gif
IMAGE 5.9
External and internal views of a wind catcher in a traditional house
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Untitled
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FIGURE 5.92
Wind analysis
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FIGURE 5.92
Wind analysis
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Untitled
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