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Volume 2022, Issue 4
  • ISSN: 0253-8253
  • EISSN: 2227-0426

Abstract

Introduction: Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is a common medical emergency. Its treatment includes simple observation, needle thoracentesis, pleural catheter, video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS), and open surgery. We aimed to establish the demographic, clinical characteristics, and 12-month recurrence rate of patients with PSP in four hospitals of the Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar.

Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients >14 years old who were admitted with PSP from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019. The patients were followed up for 12 months for the recurrence of PSP.

Results: Out of 246 patients enrolled in this study, 223 (90.7%) were males and 23 (9.3%) were females. Their mean age was 29.1 ± 9.59 years and their mean body mass index (BMI) was 21.7 ± 4.22 kg/m2. Of these, 123 (51.2%) patients were smokers. Chest pain was the most common presenting complaint (82.5%). A total of 59 (23.98%) patients had a small pneumothorax, whereas 187 (76.01%) patients had a large pneumothorax.

Among the patients with small pneumothorax, 16 (28.33%) were managed through observation alone, 2 (3.33%) required needle aspiration, 15 (25%) required pleural catheter insertion, and 26 (44.06%) underwent surgical intervention for management. Out of 187 patients with large pneumothorax, 16 (8.6%) were managed through observation, 7 (3.76%) required needle aspiration, 73 (38.1%) required pleural catheter insertion, and 91 (48.6%) underwent surgery.

During the 12-month follow-up, 58 patients were lost to follow-up and 5 patients (5/188; 2.66%) presented with a recurrence of PSP. Out of 108 patients who underwent VATS, 2 (1.85%) had a recurrence of PSP.

Conclusion: PSP is more common in males than in females, with a tendency for younger age onset. The recurrence rate of PSP in our study was 2.66%. Furthermore, the recurrence rate in our patients who underwent VATS was 1.85%. Prospective studies are warranted to compare the success rates of different treatment interventions.

© 2022 Khan, Zahid, Alhiyari, Al-Andulmalek, Jumbo, Kloub, Muslim, Naeem, Yousaf, Mazhar, Sharif, licensee HBKU Press.
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2022-11-16
2024-12-21
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/content/journals/10.5339/qmj.2022.56
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Demographics, clinical characteristics, and recurrence rate of patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax at a tertiary care center in Qatar
Qatar Medical Journal 2022, 56 (2022); https://doi.org/10.5339/qmj.2022.56
/content/journals/10.5339/qmj.2022.56
/content/journals/10.5339/qmj.2022.56
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  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): Pneumothorax, Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax, Recurrence, VATS and Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

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